马克思与罗尔斯:被遮蔽的思想关联

The Sheltered Similarity:On the Academic Relations Between Marx and Rawls

卡尔·马克思和约翰·罗尔斯是他们各自时代中典范性的政治哲学家,但二人之间的思想关联是被遮蔽的,这既与罗尔斯本人没有正面比较他与马克思的理论异同有关,也与有的批评者对他们二人的误解有关。通过分析他们的理论立场,以及澄清批评者的误解可以看出,围绕原初状态中对人的观念的思考、第一个正义原则中对自由的分析,以及第二个正义原则中对平等的主张,马克思和罗尔斯之间有着超出某些批评者想象的相似性。

Both Karl Marx and John Rawls are representative men in political philosophy in their own time,but the academic relations between them seem to be sheltered because of two reasons,one of which is that Rawls hadn’t evaluated Marx’s theory directly,and another of which is that their similarity sometimes be misunderstood by some critics.This article tries to clarify their real positions and respond to the comments from critics concerning original position,the liberty and the equality,it hereby argues that the similarity between Marx and Rawls is beyond of our previous imagination.