自然生态空间格局构建与规划理论研究

Pattern construction of natural ecological space and planning theory exploration

广义的生态空间是指具有自然属性,以提供生态系统服务为主导功能的空间,包括自然生态空间、城镇生态空间和农业生态空间。自然生态空间是指与城镇空间、农业空间并列的,分布在城镇空间与农业空间之外的国土空间,在分布上具有完整性和连续性。探讨了自然生态空间的定义、内涵以及自然生态空间格局构建的理论和技术要点,提出以重要生态功能维护格局、人居环境屏障格局和生物多样性保护格局为主体,构建自然生态空间格局体系的思路。自然生态空间格局构建的最终目的是对国土空间开发行为进行管控,理顺保护与发展的关系,最终达到保护重要生态空间及促进区域可持续发展的目的。在落实生态文明战略、维护国家生态安全的背景下,构建自然生态空间格局对于优化国土空间开发格局,指导生态保护与建设具有重要意义。

Ecological space refers to the space with natural attributes and a dominant function of providing ecosystem services. It includes natural ecological space, urban ecological space and agriculture ecological space. The natural ecological space is that which is juxtaposed with urban space and agricultural space. Its distribution is outside of town and agricultural spaces, and its spatial distributions are complete and continuous. Here, we discuss the definition and connotations of natural ecological space, and the theory, methods and technical aspects of the associated pattern construction. We propose that the system for constructing natural ecological space patterns should include important maintenance pattern of ecological functions, barrier pattern of human settlements, and conservation pattern of biodiversity. The ultimate goal of natural ecological space pattern construction should be to manage and control national spaces of development, and to protect important ecological spaces while promoting regional sustainable development. Under the background of implementing strategy for building ecologically sustainable civilization and safeguarding the national ecological security, natural ecological space pattern construction has a great significance for optimizing spatial development pattern and guiding ecological protection and construction.