碱性化合物或有机提取物处理的大麦对淀粉体外消化部位和消化程度的影响

Effects of barley treated by alkaline compounds or organic extracts on the digestion site and degree of starch in vitro

本研究通过两个体外试验评估了碱性化合物和有机提取物处理大麦粒对淀粉含量和消化性能的影响。第一项研究采用非线性模型体外瘤胃发酵评估干物质、粗蛋白质和淀粉的降解,非线性模型为D(t)=D(i)·e^(-kd·时间)+I,其中D(t)=消化残留物,D(i)=可能消化部分,kd=消化速率常数,i=不可消化部分。第二个研究利用原位移动尼龙袋测定干物质、粗蛋白质和淀粉在瘤胃液和过瘤胃液中的降解情况。结果 :碱性化合物和有机提取物处理组较对照组显著降低了粗蛋白质含量(P <0.05)。石莼提取物较其他组显著提高淀粉含量(P <0.05)。氢氧化钠、明矾和甜菜粕提取物组显著提高蛋白质消化速率常数(P <0.05),明矾处理组淀粉消化速率常数显著提高4%(P <0.05),苜蓿草提取物处理组淀粉消化速率常数显著提高2%(P <0.05)。明矾和甜菜粕提取物处理组较其他组显著提高了淀粉的不可消化部分(P <0.05)。经处理的大麦在过瘤胃液和总肠道的粗蛋白质和淀粉降解有显著性差异(P <0.05)。石莼提取物处理的大麦瘤胃粗蛋白质降解显著高于其他组(P <0.05)。对照组、氢氧化钠和氨盐处理组较甜菜粕提取物和石莼提取物组显著降低了瘤胃液粗蛋白质降解(P <0.05),而对照组、氨盐和甜菜粕提取物组较氢氧化钠、苜蓿草提取物和石莼提取物组显著降低了总消化道粗蛋白质降解(P <0.05)。结论 :碱性化合物和有机提取物对大麦的降解有一定促进作用。此外,用明矾和甜菜粕提取物处理大麦可改变淀粉的消化部位,延长蛋白质和淀粉的消化时间。

In this study,the effects of alkaline compounds and organic extracts on starch content and digestibility of wheat grains were evaluated by two in vitro experiments. In the first study,in vitro rumen fermentation was used to evaluate the degradation of dry matter,crude protein and starch using a nonlinear model D(t)=D(I)·e^(-kd·time)+I,where D(t)=digestive residues,D(I)=possible digestive parts,kd=digestive rate constant,and I=non-digestible parts. In the second study,the degradation of dry matter,crude protein and starch in tummy juice and tummy juice was measured by in situ mobile nylon bag. Results :the content of crude protein in the alkaline compound and organic extract treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P < 0.05). Compared with other groups,ulva extract significantly increased the content of starch(P < 0.05). Sodium hydroxide,alum and sugar beet pulp extract significantly increased the protein digestion rate constant(P< 0.05),alum treatment group significantly increased the starch digestion rate constant by 4%(P < 0.05),and alfalfa extract treatment group significantly increased the starch digestion rate constant by 2%(P < 0.05). The treatment group with alum and beet meal extract significantly increased the indigestible portion of starch compared with other groups(P < 0.05). There was a significant difference in the degradation of crude protein and starch in the gastric juice and total intestinal tract of the treated barley(P < 0.05). The degradation of rumen crude protein in barley treated with ulva extract was significantly higher than that in other groups(P < 0.05). Control group,sodium hydroxide and ammonia salt treatment group a beet pulp extracts and ulva extract significantly reduces the tumor gastric protein degradation(P < 0.05),while the control group,ammonia salt and sugar beet pulp extracts group compared with sodium hydroxide,clover extract and ulva extract group significantly reduced the total gastrointestinal protein degradation(P < 0.05). In conclusion,alkaline compounds and organic extracts can promote the degradation of barley. In addition,the treatment of barley with alum and sugar beet pulp extract can change the digestion site of starch and extend the digestion time of protein and starch.