论现象意识的科学维度

Scientific Dimension of Phenomenal Consciousness

当前心灵哲学围绕通道(access)意识和现象意识的区分展开了热烈争论。该区分会导致科学似乎只研究通道意识,从而认为作为意识难题的现象意识被科学回避了。这是对通道意识和现象意识以及它们之间深层关系的错误理解。现象意识是主观特征与质性特征的共存。通道意识是倾向性意识,它其实以非倾向性的主观特征为内在基础。科学通过通道意识指向了主观特征,而主观特征是现象意识的核心构成。因此,科学推进了对意识难题的研究。

There is a heated debate about the distinction between access consciousness and phenomenal consciousness in the philosophy of mind at present. But this distinction will lead to the idea that science only seems to study access consciousness, and thus phenomenal consciousness, as a mystery of consciousness, has been avoided. This is a misunderstanding of access consciousness and phenomenal consciousness as well as the profound relationship between them. Phenomenal consciousness is the coexistence of the subjective characteristic and the qualia characteristic. Access consciousness is tendentious consciousness, which is based on the subjective characteristic of non-tendentiousness. Science directly aims at the subjective characteristic through access consciousness, which is the core of phenomenal consciousness. Therefore, science has promoted the study of phenomenal consciousness.