上海市医疗机构超声学科超声仪器基线调研与思考

Baseline survey and discussion for the ultrasound machines of ultrasound departments in Shanghai medical institutions

目的了解目前上海市医疗机构超声学科的超声仪器现状,为提升医疗质量的管理政策制定提供依据。方法分别在2013年和2018年采用问卷调查形式对上海市医疗机构超声学科的超声仪器配置情况和专业医疗服务能力进行调研,包括超声仪器出产国、数量、使用年数、年超声检查工作量以及每台超声仪器年接诊患者人次,并对2013年和2018年的相应数据进行比较。结果2018年上海市医疗机构进口超声仪器占有率较2013年下降(82%对91%),超声仪器数量增加了31%(2123台对1617台)。三级医院超声仪器占有率最高(三级医院40%,二级医院25%,一级医院20%,民营医院15%)。2018年使用年数超过10年的超声仪器所占比例较2013年上升(9%对4%),年超声检查人次提升了46%(1982万人次对1359万人次),三级医院承担全市超声检查工作量比例最高(三级医院51%,二级医院35%,一级医院4%,民营医院10%)。目前上海市常住人口每万人的超声仪器配置数为1.14台,每台超声仪器年接诊患者人次提高了11%(0.93万人次对0.84万人次)。结论上海市医疗机构超声学科规模不断发展,超声仪器品牌国产化正在提高,但超声仪器更新能力仍需提升,工作负重增大,分级诊疗不平衡。

Objective To investigate the current basic situation of ultrasound machines of ultrasound departments in Shanghai medical institutions,and to provide the basis for making management policy in order to promote medical quality.Methods Questionnaire surveys about ultrasound machines and service ability including producing countries of ultrasound machines,the number of ultrasound machines,using years of ultrasound machines,yearly workload and the yearly number of patients that each ultrasound machine accepted were made in 2013 and 2018,respectively.Statistical results were compared between the two surveys.Results Compared with 2013,the share of imported ultrasound machines declined in 2018(82%vs 91%).Compared with 2013,the number of ultrasound machines in Shanghai medical institutions had increased by 31%in 2018(2123 vs 1617).The occupancy rate of ultrasound machines in tertiary hospitals was the highest(tertiary hospitals 40%,secondary hospitals 25%,primary grade hospitals 20%,and private hospitals 15%).Compared with 2013,the proportion of ultrasound machines that have been used for more than 10 years increased(9%vs 4%),the yearly workload of ultrasound examination had increased by 46%(19.82 million person-time vs 13.59 million person-time).Tertiary hospitals bored the highest proportion of the workload(tertiary hospitals 51%,secondary hospitals 35%,primary grade hospitals 4%,and private hospitals 10%).Currently,the number of ultrasound machines per 10,000 people in Shanghai was 1.14.The yearly number of patients that each ultrasound machine accepted had increased by 11%(9300 person-time vs 8400 person-time in 2018).Conclusions The scale of ultrasound departments in Shanghai medical institutions has been developing.Brand localization of ultrasound machines is improving.However,the renewal ability of ultrasound machines still needs to be improved.The workload of ultrasound department is getting heavier.Hierarchical diagnosis and treatment is unbalanced.