采用硫化焙烧-选矿-浸出工艺高效回收低品位采矿矿石中的锌、铅、铁和硅（英文）

Recovery of Zn, Pb, Fe and Si from a low-grade mining ore by sulfidation roasting-beneficiation-leaching processes

为了从兰坪矿区低品位采矿矿石中回收锌、铅、铁和硅等有价元素,提出一种新的焙烧-选矿-浸出工艺,焙烧过程中添加了黄铁矿和碳粉。研究了黄铁矿用量、焙烧温度、碳粉用量、保温时间和颗粒粒度等因素对铅锌浮选效果和铁磁选回收行为的影响,确定了最佳工艺参数,得到了含锌17.46%和含铅3.93%的浮选精矿,其中锌和铅的回收率分别为86.04%和69.08%。浮选尾矿进入弱磁选作业,获得含铁43.45%,回收率为64.87%的铁精矿。对弱磁选尾矿进行盐酸浸出,获得二氧化硅含量为81.05%的石英砂。采用XRD、SEM-EDS和EPMA等测试手段,对菱锌矿反应前、后表面形貌和组成进行分析,进一步揭示了菱锌矿的硫化机理。本研究是为了实现低品位采矿矿石的综合利用。

To recover Zn, Pb, Fe and Si from a low-grade mining ore in the Lanping basin, Yunnan Province, China, a novel technology using the roasting with pyrite and carbon followed by beneficiation and hydrochloric acid leaching was proposed. Firstly, several factors such as pyrite dosage, roasting temperature, carbon powder dosage, holding time and particle size affecting on the flotation performance of Zn(Pb) and magnetic separation performance of Fe were simultaneously examined and the optimum process parameters were determined. A flotation concentrate, containing 17.46% Zn and 3.93% Pb, was obtained, and the Zn and Pb recoveries were 86.04% and 69.08%, respectively. The obtained flotation tailing was concentrated by a low-intensity magnetic separator. The grade of iron increased from 5.45% to 43.45% and the recovery of iron reached 64.87%. Hydrochloric acid leaching was then carried out for the magnetic separation tailing and a raw quartz concentrate containing 81.05% SiO2 was obtained. To further interpret the sulfidation mechanism of smithsonite, surface morphology and component of the sample before and after reactions were characterized by XRD and EPMA-EDS. The aim was to achieve the comprehensive utilization of the low-grade mining ore.