生物炭对抗生素的吸附/解吸研究进展

Study on the antibiotic adsorption/desorption of biochar:a review

抗生素的滥用使得其在环境中被频频检出,并且由此导致的抗性基因污染已严重威胁到人类和动物健康。抗生素的吸附/解吸行为是其进入环境后发生迁移转化的重要途径之一。生物炭因具有成本低廉、制备简单、吸附效果好等优点,近年来被学者广泛关注。从动力学、热力学角度阐述生物炭对抗生素的吸附/解吸机理,分析生物炭对抗生素吸附/解吸过程的影响因素,包括生物炭自身特性(比表面积、官能团、微孔结构)、生物炭释放的溶解性有机质(DOM)、生物炭中的持久性自由基以及pH、温度、离子强度、腐殖酸、生物炭老化等环境因素,试图系统探究生物炭对抗生素吸附/解吸的本质。虽然生物炭对抗生素吸附行为的研究已日渐成熟,但有关生物炭对抗生素的解吸机理、生物炭衍生DOM对吸附/解吸过程的影响、生物炭施用后带来的环境风险以及改性生物炭的实际应用等方面的研究还不够完善,今后对这些方面的研究仍有待加强。

At present,the continued intensive use of antibiotics has led to their frequent detection in the environments.Besides,with the adverse effects of antibiotics,these contaminants increase the resistance in bacteria that might in turn influence on human and animal health.Adsorption/desorption is one of the important ways for the migration and transformation of antibiotics after entering the environment.Recently,due to the low cost,simple preparation,and good adsorption effect,biochar is widely concerned by scholars.The mechanism of adsorption/desorption of antibiotics by biochar(including kinetics and isotherm),as well as the impact factors in the adsorption/desorption system,such as the physicochemical properties of biochar(specific surface area,surface functional groups and microporous structure),dissolved organic materials(DOM)released from biochar,persistent free radicals in biochar,pH,temperature,ion strength,humic acid and biochar aging,were summarized in this paper.The aim of this study was to investigate the adsorption/desorption mechanism between antibiotic and biochar.Although the relevant studies on the adsorption of antibiotics by biochar were gradually matured,the studies about the desorption mechanism of antibiotics by biochar,the effect of DOM released from biochar on the adsorption/desorption system,the risk assessment on biochar application and the practical application of modified biochar still needed to be further explored.