玉米赤霉烯酮和雌二醇对断奶仔猪生长性能、养分利用率和卵巢形态的影响

Effects of Zearalenone and Estradiol on Growth Performance,Nutrient Utilization and Ovary Morphology of Weaned Piglets

本试验旨在研究玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEA)和雌二醇(E2)对断奶仔猪生长性能、养分利用率和卵巢形态的影响。选取28~32日龄、体重为(13.57±0.41)kg的“杜×长×大”断奶小母猪30头,随机分为3组,每组10头。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,ZEA组在基础饲粮中添加1.0 mg/kg的ZEA,E2组每隔3 d肌肉注射苯甲酸雌二醇0.75 mL(相当于1.5 mg/头E2)。试验预试期7 d,正试期35 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,ZEA组和E2组断奶仔猪生长性能均无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,ZEA组和E2组断奶仔猪蛋白质表观代谢率(蛋白质生物学价值和净蛋白质利用率)、血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性及卵巢指数均显著提高(P<0.05),ZEA和E2刺激卵巢皮质内卵泡发育并可见闭锁卵泡。3)与ZEA组相比,E2组断奶仔猪粗脂肪表观消化率、蛋白质表观代谢率和血清LDH活性显著提高(P<0.05),卵巢指数则显著降低(P<0.05),E2刺激卵巢皮质内出现大量闭锁的初级卵泡。由此可见,本试验条件下,ZEA和E2均能提高断奶仔猪对蛋白质的利用效率,扰乱血清酶活性,促进卵巢发育并诱导卵泡发生闭锁。

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of zearalenone(ZEA)and estradiol(E2)on the growth performance,nutrient utilization and ovary morphology of weaned piglets.A total of thirty healthy weaned gilts(Duroc×Landrace×Large White)aged of 28 to 32 days with an average weight of(13.57±0.41)kg were randomly allocated to three groups with 10 pigs in each group.Pigs in the control group were fed a basal diet,those in the ZEA group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 1.0 mg/kg ZEA,and those in the E2 group were treated with 0.75 mL(1.5 mg E2 per pig)estradiol benzoate every 3-day interval by intramuscular injection.The test lasted for 35 days after a 7-day adaptation.The results show as follows:1)compared with the control group,there were no significant effects on growth performance of weaned gilts in ZEA and E2 groups(P>0.05).2)Compared with the control group,higher protein apparent metabolic rate(protein biological value and net protein utilization),activities of serum alkaline phosphatase(ALP)and lactic dehydrogenase(LDH)and ovary index of weaned gilts in the ZEA and E2 groups were observed(P<0.05),and ZEA and E2 stimulated follicle develop in the ovarian cortex and atresia follicles were observed.3)Compare with the ZEA group,the ether extract apparent digestibility,protein apparent metabolic rate and serum LDH activity of weaned gilts in the E2 group was significantly higher(P<0.05),however,the ovary index was significantly lower(P<0.05);meanwhile E2 stimulated a large number of atretic primary follicles in the ovarian cortex.In conclusion,both ZEA and E2 can improve the protein utilization efficiency,disturb serum enzyme activity,promote the ovary development,and lead to atretic follicles of weaned gilts.