草原生态补奖对贫困农牧户收入的影响

The Impact of Grassland Ecological Compensation on Rural Poor Farmers and Herdsmen’s Income

基于实地调研获取的农牧交错区355份农牧户微观数据,运用最小二乘与分位数回归模型分析补奖收入对贫困农牧户收入及其稳定性的影响,以检验草原生态保护补助奖励政策助力农牧交错区脱贫攻坚的有效性。研究得出:(1)补奖收入对促进贫困农牧户增收,尤其是对促进贫困农牧户中的中等收入水平群体增收效果显著,表明草原生态补奖能够缓解贫困农牧户的贫困程度,具有显著的益贫效应;(2)补奖收入能够显著促进贫困农牧户牧业收入的增加,但对农业与非农牧业收入影响并不显著,表明草原生态补奖的益贫效应主要通过促进贫困农牧户牧业收入的增加来实现;(3)补奖收入能够显著促进贫困农牧户收入稳定性的提高,表明草原生态补奖能够抑制贫困农牧户返贫。基于此,农牧交错区在推行草原生态补奖的同时,应通过“草原生态补偿+牧业产业发展”的生态扶贫模式,合理地利用和发挥当地的牧业资源禀赋优势,从而更好地发挥草原生态补奖缓解贫困、抑制返贫、助力脱贫攻坚的作用。

Based on 355 micro data of farmers and herdsmen in agro-pastoral ecotone obtained from field research,least squares model and quantile regression model was used to analyze the impact of grassland ecological compensation on poor farmers and herdsmen’s income and income stability.According to the regression results,the feasibility and effectiveness of grassland ecological compensation in helping the shaking-off poverty in agro-pastoral ecotone were judged.The findings are as follows:Firstly,the compensation income has a significant effect on the increasing of poor farmers and herdsmen’s income,especially on the middle income group of poor farmers and herdsmen,indicating that the grassland ecological compensation can alleviate the poverty of poor farmers and herdsmen in agro-pastoral ecotone.Secondly,the compensation income can significantly promote the increase their animal husbandry income,but it has no significant influence on their agricultural and non-agricultural income,indicating that grassland ecological compensation can alleviate poverty by promoting the increase of their animal husbandry income.Thirdly,the compensation income can significantly promote the income stability of poor farmers and herdsmen,indicating that the grassland ecological compensation can play a positive role in restraining them from returning to poverty.Based on the above conclusions,while carrying out the grassland ecological compensation,local animal husbandry resource endowment should be used and brought into play at the same time.Through the ecological poverty alleviation model of“grassland ecological compensation+animal husbandry industry”,the role of grassland ecological compensation in helping shaking-off poverty in agro-pastoral ecotone can be better played.