中熟蟠桃新品种‘中蟠15号’的选育

A new middle ripening flat peach cultivar ‘Zhongpan 15’

‘中蟠15号’是通过多代聚合杂交选育出的黄肉蟠桃新品种,其母本为单株‘98-2-1’,父本为优系‘砧1-3’油蟠。单果质量200 g,大果350 g,果实扁平,果皮底色黄色,果面60%以上着鲜红色晕,果皮茸毛短;果肉黄色,果实风味香甜,硬溶质,可溶性固形物含量14.5%,离核。果肉厚度较均匀,商品性好。花为蔷薇型,自花结实。在郑州地区7月中下旬成熟,果实生育期120 d左右;丰产。

‘Zhongpan 15’is a middle ripening flat peach cultivar, selected from the cross between‘98-2-1’and‘Zhen 1-3’in 2007. The female parent‘98-2-1’is an excellent peach hybridization offspring with the early-mid ripening date, yellow flesh, and red skin. The male parent‘Zhen 1-3’is a good flat nectarine breeding material combining yellow flesh, mid-to-late ripening date(August), and high thickness in flesh.‘Zhongpan 15’was initially figured out by its beautiful appearance, big size, and firm texture in 2011. After regional adaptability testing at four sites(including Xinxiang county, Wenxian county, and Xihua county in Henan province, and Mengyin county in Shandong province) over five years from 2013 to 2017, it was finally named in 2015. The fruit is broad oblate, absent mucron tip at pistil end, strongly depressed pistil end, symmetric with medium prominence of suture, and the stalk cavity depth is shallow and width is broad. The peel harbor approximately 60% of bright red over color and yellow ground color with short fluff. Its flesh is yellow with hard melting texture and free stone. The peel is strong adherence. The contents of soluble solid, soluble sugar and titratable acidity in flesh juicy are 14.5%, 10.62%, and 0.23% on average, respectively. The average fruit weight is 200 g, and maximum fruit weight can be up to 350 g. The eating quality and flavor are excellent. The flower is pink,showy and the anther is orange yellow with abundant pollen.‘Zhongpan 15’is self-pollination with high fruit setting ratio. In Zhengzhou, the first blooming date of‘Zhongpan 15’comes into bloom mostly appears in late March and the flowering period can last about 5-7 days. The fruit mature date is late July, about 120 days after full blooming. The tree is upright to spreading with medium to strong vigor. The average internode length is about 2.06 cm. The leaf is greenish colored, with lanceolate in shape and reniform glands along the petiole. In full bearing stage, controlling of the growth vigor should by performed by prunuing, the fertilizer and yield management. In view of the high setting rate, it is necessary to adopt flowers and fruits thinning. The fruit of this variety is relatively large in size, so the distance between fruits greater than 15 cm should be taken into account during thinning of flowers and fruits. The mature period frequently is overlapped with the rainy season, so the bagging cultivation is recommended, which is also helpful to the fruit appearance. The bagging time is generally carried out after the fruit is set, when the fruit development enters the hard-core period, and the insecticide and fungicide need to be sprayed before the bagging. Picking should be performed carefully to avoid peeling at the carpopodium that affect storage and transportation. In addition, the whole cold chain protection is recommended for long-distance transport.