基于人粮关系的鄂尔多斯砒砂岩区土地资源承载力变化特征

Variation Characteristics of Land Resources Carrying Capacity in Ordos Fieldspathic Sandstone Area Based on Man-grain Relationship

[目的]分析2000-2015年鄂尔多斯砒砂岩区人口数量与粮食产量关系,研究生态脆弱区土地资源承载指数和土地资源承载力状态,为砒砂岩区经济和社会的可持续发展提供理论依据。[方法]采用2000,2005,2010和2015年Landsat影像进行鄂尔多斯砒砂岩区土地类型分类提取,结合土地面积、粮食产量和人口数据等社会经济数据,运用土地资源承载力模型和土地资源承载指数研究砒砂岩区土地资源承载力时空变化特征。[结果]①2000-2015年鄂尔多斯市土地资源承载力呈现逐渐增加的趋势,土地资源承载指数波动下降;②粮食产量呈逐渐增加趋势,人粮关系基本处于粮食盈余状态,人口容纳能力尚有一定的增长空间;③旗区间土地资源承载力存在较大差异,其中东胜区和准格尔旗土地资源承载力较高,人粮矛盾相对严重;鄂托克旗和伊金霍洛旗土地资源承载力中等,大部分年份粮食盈余;鄂托克前旗、杭锦旗、乌审旗和达拉特旗处于粮食盈余状态,土地资源承载力相对较低。[结论]鄂尔多斯砒砂岩区土地资源承载力总体上仍有一定增加空间,但各旗区内部存在较大差异。

[Objective]Based on the man-grain relationship,the spatio-temporal variation characteristics of land resources carrying capacity from 2000 to 2015 in Ordos City were studied by land resources carrying capacity model,in order to provide theoretical basis for the sustainable development of the economy and society in the fieldspathic sandstone area.[Methods]Landsat images of 2000,2005,2010 and 2015 were used to extract land use types in fieldspathic sandstone area.Social and economic data such as land area,grain yield and population was used.Spatio-temporal variation characteristics of land resources carrying capacity were then studied by using land resources carrying capacity model and index in Ordos fieldspathic sandstone area.[Results]①From 2000 to 2015,the carrying capacity of land resources in Ordos shows a gradual increase trend,and the carrying capacity index of land resources fluctuated and decreased.②Grain output showed a gradual increase trend.Man-grain relationship was basically in the state of grain surplus,and the population carrying capacity still had a certain growth space.③There were great differences in the carrying capacity of land resources among different districts in Ordos City.The carrying capacity of land resources in Dongsheng District and Jungar Banner was relatively higher,and the contradiction between population and grain was serious.The carrying capacity of land resources in Etok Banner and Ejin Horo Banner was medium,and the state of grain surplus existed in most years from 2000 to 2015.Etok Qian Banner,Hangjin Banner,Uxin Banner and Dalad Banner were in the state of grain surplus,and the carrying capacities of land resources were relatively lower.[Conclusion]There is still room for the carrying capacity of land resources growth in Ordos fieldspathic sandstone area,but there are great differences among different banners or districts.