“一带一路”倡议在中亚地区进展以及面临的挑战

The Progress and Challenges of the Belt and Road Initiative in Central Asia

中亚地区地处欧亚大陆腹地,是陆上直接与中国接壤的地区之一,也是连接亚欧大陆的交通要道和多种文化的汇集点。由于自身特殊的地理位置,中亚五国自苏联解体获得独立以来,一直是世界各大国和各种政治势力角逐的重点区域。2013年9月,习近平主席在哈萨克斯坦首次提出建设"丝绸之路经济带"倡议,得到了中亚地区国家的积极响应。6年来,中亚地区国家成为"一带一路"倡议落地成果最多、进展最快的地区之一。但是,由于这些国家复杂的内外部环境,"一带一路"倡议在中亚地区同样也面临各种复杂的局面和挑战。本文通过梳理该倡议在中亚地区国家取得的成绩,分析归纳出"一带一路"倡议在中亚地区面临着国家政治稳定性、军事安全性、国内经济民生和社会问题、国家间利益冲突、世界其他国家的影响和干扰等五方面挑战。面对这些风险和挑战,我们在中亚地区推进"一带一路"倡议时,应当兼顾各方利益,共同构建中国-中亚"利益共同体"和"命运共同体"。

Being the hinterland of Eurasia,Central Asia is not only one of the regions bordering China on land,but also a converging point of multiple cultures that joins various land routes on the continent of Eurasia.For their unique geographical locations,the five Central Asian states have been contended for by major countries of the world and various political forces ever since their independence after the disintegration of the Soviet Union.In September of 2013,when visiting Kazakhstan,President Xi Jinping proposed the initiative to build the“Silk Road Economic Belt”for the first time,which received active response from the Central Asian countries.Over the past six years,Central Asia has become one of the regions where the Belt and Road Initiative has achieved the most results and made the fastest progress.However,due to the complicated internal and external environment of the region,the Belt and Road Initiative is also facing various complex situation and challenges in Central Asia.This paper has sorted out the achievements the Belt and Road Initiative has made in Central Asia and summarized five challenges the Belt and Road Initiative is facing in the Central Asian countries,namely their political stability,military security,domestic economic and social issues,conflict of interests among them,and influence and intervention by other countries of the world.Faced with these risks and challenges,we should take into account the interests of all parties in promoting regional cooperation under the Belt and Road Initiative in Central Asia so as to jointly build a China-Central Asia"community of common interests"and“community with a shared future”。