生活世界重构与健康医患关系的发展——基于哈贝马斯理论的分析

Reconstruction of the Living World and the Development of the Healthy Doctor-Patient Relationship:An Analysis Based on Habermas’ Theory

在哈贝马斯看来,在现代社会,由于经济系统和行政系统从生活世界的分离,它们逐渐成为干预和控制原本自由、沟通、理解、信任的生活世界的力量,导致生活世界的"殖民化"状况。在医疗领域,这一"殖民化"主要表现为医患关系的异化现象,即过度经济化、技术化、法律化等关系成为医患之间的主导性关系,而本真的协商、对话、理解、认同、人性化的医患关系被遮蔽或抛弃,由此引发了医患紧张甚至冲突的严峻后果。因此,需要通过生活世界的文化、社会、个性三大系统正常功能的激发,把医患异化关系恢复到健康、合理的状态,从而保障患者的生命健康和医疗权益。

According to Habermas, in modern society, due to the separation of the economic system and the administrative system from the living world, they have gradually become a force to interfere and control the living world that was originally free, open to communication, and full of understanding and trust, and have led the world to "colonization". In the medical field, this "colonization" is mainly manifested by the alienation of the doctor-patient relationship, that is, excessive economicization, technicalization, legalization and other relationships have become the dominant relationship between doctors and patients. The original negotiation, dialogue,understanding, mutual agreement and humanistic doctor-patient relationship have been obscured or abandoned, which led to the severe consequences of doctor-patient tension and even conflict. Therefore, it is necessary to restore the doctor-patient relationship to a healthy and reasonable state through the stimulation of the normal functions of the three systems of life, culture, society and personality, so as to protect the patients’ live and medical rights.