microRNA调控间充质干细胞成骨分化的研究进展

Research progress on microRNA in regulation of osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells

间充质干细胞是一类体内广泛存在的多能干细胞,具有多向分化潜能,为多种组织器官提供保护及损伤修复。近年来,间充质干细胞向成骨细胞诱导分化用于治疗骨代谢等相关性疾病已成为热点。microRNA(miRNA)作为生物体内重要的小分子非编码RNA,通过转录后调控影响基因表达,参与各种生命过程。研究显示,多种不同的miRNA在间充质干细胞向成骨分化过程中起着核心调节作用。本文结合相关文献,对miRNA调控间充质干细胞成骨分化的作用及机制归纳总结,以帮助全面了解靶向miRNA治疗骨代谢性相关疾病的潜能。

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs), a kind of pluripotent stem cells, widely exist in organisms and have the potential to differentiate into multiple cell types and protect and repair damaged tissues. Recently, inducing MSCs to differentiate into osteoblasts for treating bone metabolism-related diseases has gained a lot of interest. MicroRNA(miRNA) as a small non-coding RNA has been found to participate in diverse life processes by modulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. As demonstrated, multiple miRNA could play core roles in regulating osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. In this review, we summarize functions and mechanisms of miRNA in the process of MSCs differentiation, and discuss its potential in treatment of metabolism-related bone diseases via inducing osteogenic differentiation.