叶面喷硒对糯玉米生理特性及子粒硒含量的影响

Effects of Foliar Spraying Selenium on Physiological Characteristics and Grain Selenium Content of Waxy Corn

采用2因素裂区设计,对4个糯玉米品种在5个供硒水平下的不同生理指标及子粒硒含量进行比较研究。结果表明,60 g/hm2的叶面喷硒处理不仅显著提高糯玉米过氧化物酶(POD)活性、谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量,降低丙二醛(MDA)含量,还能有效提高糯玉米叶片中叶绿素含量,在该处理浓度下4个品种子粒硒含量与对照相比均极显著增加。品种、浓度单一及其互作对子粒硒含量的影响均存在显著差异,各因素对总变异的贡献表现为处理浓度>品种>品种×处理浓度。与不喷硒处理相比,4个品种的子粒硒平均含量分别提高118.0545、139.3179、162.9583和87.1647μg/kg。综合考虑生理特性和子粒硒含量,确定选用CTN1965和JN20作为富硒品种,两个品种推荐叶面喷硒浓度分别为60~61.5529 g/hm2和60~78.8770 g/hm^2,在61.5529、78.8770 g/hm^2阈值下,两个品种子粒硒平均含量可达300μg/kg的安全上限。

The two-factor split-plot design method was used to a comparative study on the different physiological indexes and grain selenium content of four main extension planting waxy maize varieties under five selenium levels. The results showed that 60 g/ha spraying selenium level on waxy corn could not only increase the POD activity,GSH content and reduce MDA content, but also effectively increase the chlorophyll content. Compared with Se0, the content of selenium in the grain of four cultivars increased significantly at this concentration. There were significant differences in the effects of variety, concentration and interaction on grain selenium content. The contribution of each factor to the total variation was concentration > variety > interaction between variety and concentration. Compared with respective Se0 treatments, the grain average selenium contents of the four cultivars were increased118.054 5, 139.317 9, 162.958 3 and 87.164 7 g/kg. Taking into account the physiological characteristics and grain selenium content, CTN1965 and JN20 were selected as selenium-enriched varieties. The recommended leaf spraying selenium concentrations of two varieties were 60-61.552 9 g/ha and 60-78.877 0 g/ha, respectively. Under the thresholds of 61.552 9 g/ha and 78.877 0 g/ha, the average selenium content in grains could reach the safe upper limit of 300 μg/kg.