牛膝的临床应用及其用量

Clinical application and dosage of twotoothed achyranthes root

通过查阅古医籍、现代医家临床经验,总结出牛膝具有以下特点:用量多为5.55~140 g。针对不同疾病、证型及主要症状,其配伍、药量亦有差别,如取补肝肾、引血下行功效,用治烦热干渴、头痛、牙疼、眩晕、下肢痿软时,多为5.55~140 g;发挥逐瘀通经、强筋骨、通利关节之功,用治腰痛、跌打损伤、强直性脊柱炎、关节炎等,多为12~27.6 g。根据疾病、证型及症状选择不同的配伍药物,如补肝肾、引血下行常配伍天麻、代赭石、川芎、枸杞子、地龙等;如补肝肾、活血通经常配伍桃仁、水蛭、丹参等。

By referring to ancient medical books,pharmacopoeia and clinical experience of modern physicians,it is concluded that Niuxi(twotoothed achyranthes root)has the following characteristics.Firstly,the dosage is mostly 5.55-140 g.Secondly,the dosage of drugs varies for different diseases,syndromes and main symptoms in clinical use.For example,when it plays the role of tonifying liver and kidney,ensuring proper downward flow of the blood,treating dysphoria with smothery sensation,dry mouth and thirst,headache,toothache,dizziness,hypertension,and weakness of lower limbs,the dosage is 5.55-140 g.When taking it for removing stasis and dredging meridians,strengthening bones and muscles and easing joint movement,in the treatment of lumbago,traumatic injury,ankylosing spondylitis(AS),arthritis and so on,the dosage is 12-27.6 g.Thirdly,when treating different disease,syndrome type and symptoms,the compatibility application of it changes.For instance,when playing its role of nourishing liver and kidney,ensuring proper downward flow of the blood,it often compatibles with Tianma(tall gastrodia tuber),Daizheshi(red ocher),Chuanxiong(Sichuan lovage rhizome),Gouqizi(barbary wolfberry fruit),Dilong(earthworm)and so on.And it often compatibles with Taoren(peach seed),Shuizhi(leech),Danshen(danshen root)when used for tonifying liver and kidney,invigorate the circulation of blood and dredging meridians.