儿童乙型肝炎疫苗预防接种效果探讨

Discussion on the effect of preventive inoculation of hepatitis B vaccine in children

目的探讨儿童乙型肝炎疫苗预防接种效果。方法选择门诊部763例接受乙型肝炎疫苗接种的儿童为研究对象,选取其中的有效血清730份,应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)开展检测,对疫苗注射效果进行观察,并评价其免疫效果。结果乙型肝炎表面抗体的标化阳性率为65.23%;5~7岁儿童乙型肝炎表面抗体阳性率表现出降低趋势;乙型肝炎表面抗原标化阳性率为0.43%;3~7岁儿童中5例乙型肝炎表面抗原呈现为阳性。在接受乙型肝炎疫苗接种1个月后, 375例儿童再次接受加强接种。加强接种儿童的乙型肝炎表面抗体阳性率71.20%高于未接受加强接种儿童的45.07%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论乙型肝炎疫苗的应用会使儿童机体免疫力提升,提高其机体血清乙型肝炎表面抗体阳性率,避免儿童受到乙型肝炎病毒的感染,有效预防乙型肝炎的发生。

Objective To discuss the effect of preventive inoculation of hepatitis B vaccine in children. Methods A total of 763 children vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine in the outpatient department were selected as the research objects. 730 effective sera were selected and tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The effect of vaccine injection was observed and evaluated. Results The normalized positive rate of hepatitis B surface antibodies was 65.23%;the positive rate of hepatitis B surface antibodies in children aged 5-7 years old showed a decreasing trend;the normalized positive rate of hepatitis B surface antigens was 0.43%;the positive rate of hepatitis B surface antigen in 5 children aged 3-7 years old was positive. 1 month after receiving hepatitis B vaccination, 375 children received intensive vaccination again. The positive rate of hepatitis B surface antibodies was 71.20% in children who received intensive vaccination and 45.07% in children who did not receive intensive vaccination, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion The application of hepatitis B vaccine will increase children’s body immunity, increase the positive rate of serum hepatitis B surface antibodies in their bodies, prevent children from being infected with hepatitis B virus, and effectively prevent the occurrence of hepatitis B.