自营工商业的代际传承——基于全国5省100村2000户调查数据的实证研究

Do Entrepreneurial Parents Always Have Entrepreneurial Children in Rural China?

代际传承一直是社会各界关注的重要议题。本文使用具有全国代表性的农村调查数据,采用固定效应模型分析父辈从事自营工商业对子辈从事自营工商业的影响。研究结果表明,农村劳动力从事自营工商业在父辈与子辈之间存在明显的代际传承性。这种代际传承性随着时间的推移有所增强。另外,父辈与不同性别的子辈之间均存在自营工商业的代际传承,且这种代际传承性在父辈与低教育程度的子辈之间更为明显。进一步分析发现,农村劳动力从事挣工资的职业也具有代际传承性。此外,本文分析了农村劳动力从事自营工商业代际传承性背后的机制,发现父辈从事过自营工商业,可以显著地增加家庭的物质资本和社会资本。

Intergenerational inheritance has always been an important issue of concern to all sectors of society.This article examines the intergenerational inheritance of self-employment in rural China.Using a randomly selected,nearly nationally representative dataset from a recent household survey in China,this study provides evidence that there exists significant positive relationship between the self-employment of parents and their children.In the meantime,the possibility of intergenerational inheritance of self-employment increased from 1998 to 2015.It also finds that intergenerational inheritance of self-employment exists among children of different genders,and that this inheritance is more obvious between parents and children with low education level.Further analysis reveals the existence of intergenerational inheritance in wage-earning professions.By exploring the mechanisms behind intergenerational inheritance of self-employment,the study finds that the parents engaged in self-employment can significantly increase the material capital and social capital of their families.