试论美国对墨西哥移民政策的钟摆化

An Initial Analysis on the Pendulum of the US Immigration Policy toward Mexico

特朗普执政后,美国对墨西哥移民政策越发紧缩。回顾美墨之间的历史,美国对墨西哥移民政策一直呈现钟摆化。表现为美国政府在该问题上的立场钟摆化、法案钟摆化和执法模式钟摆化,导致了一系列墨西哥族裔在美国认同危机和两国关系的恶化。钟摆化对墨移民政策有很多的负面影响,基于三种不同的假设,未来美墨之间在墨西哥移民议题上仍会采取合作大于对抗的模式。美国为了避免对墨移民政策的钟摆化带来的失衡结果,追求稳定连续的措施和对墨友好合作才是解决之道。

Since Trump came into power,the US has tightened its immigration policy toward Mexico.Reviewing the history of the US-Mexico relations,one may find that the US immigration policy toward Mexico has always been in pendulum,in terms of position,legislation and law enforcement model.Such pendulum has not only led to a series of identity crises of the Mexican Americans and deterioration of the US-Mexico relationship,but also exerted multiple negative impacts.The US and Mexico will cooperate more than confront each other in the future over the issue of Mexican immigration to the United States.The US should pursue a consistent and stable immigration policy toward Mexico and engage in friendly cooperation with Mexico,to avoid the imbalance caused by the pendulum of its immigration policy toward Mexico.