大气压变化对矿井通风系统的影响研究

Influence of Atmospheric Pressure Change on Mine Ventilation System

为揭示大气压变化导致瓦斯异常涌出的作用机理,采用理论和案例分析的方法研究了大气压快速持续降低对矿井通风系统的影响。研究表明,大气压变化通过改变空气密度进而改变矿井自然风压,自然风压作为矿井通风动力的重要组成,其大幅降低将导致矿井风量减小和瓦斯浓度升高。大气压剧烈降低时段是矿井瓦斯异常涌出的危险时期;自然风压变化占矿井通风总阻力比重大是大气压剧烈波动导致瓦斯异常涌出重要原因。适当增大矿井通风总阻力,弱化自然风压变化对通风系统的影响,可以增强矿井通风系统的稳定性。大气压监测预警、瓦斯及时抽采、风量精细调控的措施可以一定程度上控制大气压变化导致的瓦斯涌出。

For revealing the mechanism of abnormal gas emission caused by the change of atmospheric pressure, the effect of rapid and continuous reduction of atmospheric pressure on mine ventilation system is studied by means of theory and case analysis. The research shows that the decrease of atmospheric pressure changes the natural ventilating pressure by reducing the air density. As an important component of the mine ventilation power, the sharp decrease of natural ventilating pressure will lead to the reduction of mine air volume and the increase of gas concentration. The period of sharp decrease of atmospheric pressure is the dangerous period of abnormal gas emission. It is an important reason for abnormal gas emission caused by violent fluctuation of atmospheric pressure that the change of natural ventilating pressure occupies a big ratio of the total ventilation resistance. The stability of mine ventilation system can be enhanced by appropriately increasing the total resistance of mine ventilation so as to weaken the influence of natural ventilating pressure change. Atmospheric pressure monitoring, gas extraction, and fine regulation of air volume can control gas emission caused by atmospheric pressure change to a certain extent.