噪声对作业工人血压和血糖的影响

Study on the effects of noise on hypertension and hyperglycemia among occupational workers

目的探讨噪声对作业工人血压和血糖的影响。方法以某职业病防治院2017年对某汽车制造公司一线在职作业工人健康体检对象为研究对象,共670人。按照噪声接触与否,将调查对象分为对照组(143人)和接触组(527人)。对调查对象进行问卷调查和体格检查。对计量资料进行t检验分析,计数资料及等级资料采用χ2检验进行分析。噪声对血糖、心率、血压等指标的影响用logistic回归分析,计算各危险因素的OR及95%CI值。结果对照组和接触组作业工人的平均年龄分别为(34.29±8.03)、(40.88±8.82)岁,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。作业工人高收缩压139例(20.7%)、高舒张压154例(23.0%)、高血糖63例(9.4%)、心率过速29例(4.3%)。与对照组比较,接触组作业工人收缩压、舒张压和血糖均明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。将各组作业工人以≤35岁及>35岁年龄分层,与各年龄层对照组比较,对应年龄层接触组作业工人收缩压、舒张压和血糖均有明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。噪声工龄是收缩压和舒张压的保护性因素(OR=0.970、0.973)。结论噪声接触可能有增高作业工人血压和血糖的作用,对心率的影响尚无法判断。

Objective To study the effect of noise on hypertension and hyperglycemia among occupational workers.Methods Total 670 workers in an automobile manufacturing company were selected as the subjects of physical examination in 2017.According to the noise exposure or not,the subjects were divided into control group(no noise exposure)143 and contact group(noise exposure)527.Questionnaire survey and physical examination were conducted.The measurement data were analyzed by t-test,and the count data and grade data were analyzed byχ2 test.The influence of noise on blood glucose,heart rate,blood pressure and other indicators was analyzed by logistic regression,and the OR and 95%CI of each risk factor were calculated.Results The average age of the control group and the contact group was no significant difference(P>0.05).There were 139(20.7%)cases of high systolic pressure,154(23.0%)cases of high diastolic pressure,63(9.4%)cases of hyperglycemia,29(4.3%)cases of tachycardia.Compared with the control group,there were significant differences in systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and blood glucose in the contact group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and blood glucose of the subjects in the corresponding age contact group increased significantly(P<0.05).The years of noise exposure were protective factors for systolic and diastolic blood pressure(OR=0.970,0.973).Conclusion Noise exposure may increase blood pressure and blood sugar of occupational workers,but the effect on heart rate can not be determined.