采收技术、销售模式与非木质林产品生产效率

Harvesting Technology,Sales Model and Production Efficiency of Non-Timber Forest Products

本文以特色非木质林产品山核桃为例,基于浙江省3个山核桃主产县(市)150个种植户地块层面的调查数据,采用DEA-Tobit二阶段模型,在对不同经营主体山核桃生产效率及其差异进行测算与检验的基础上,重点就新型采收技术(张网采收)和销售模式(电商销售)对不同主体生产效率的影响与作用机理进行量化分析。结果表明:(1)新型经营主体单位面积投入成本与产值分别比普通农户低20.35%和高17.13%。(2)新型经营主体山核桃生产综合效率和规模效率分别是普通农户的1.54倍和1.41倍,纯技术效率二者差异不明显。(3)新型采收技术和销售模式对山核桃生产效率提升有显著促进影响,并且新型经营主体较普通农户,能更好的通过张网采收、电商销售等新型采收技术与销售模式来提高综合生产效率。最后,本文提出应大力发展非木质林产品、积极培育新型经营主体、加大成本节约型技术的研发与推广、加强电商物流建设等建议。

Based on the survey data of 150 growers in three major hickory-producing counties(cities)in Zhejiang Province,this paper discusses the differences in production efficiency of different forestry management entities.The results show that the cost and the output value per mu of the new forestry management entities are 20.35%lower and 17.13%higher than that of ordinary farmers.The technical efficiency and scale efficiency of the new forestry management entities are 1.54 times and 1.41 times higher than that of ordinary farmers,respectively.But there is no significant difference in the pure technical efficiency.Harvesting technology and sales model have a significant positive impact on improving production efficiency,and new forestry management entities are more advantageous than ordinary farmers in using them to increase production efficiency.Finally,some policy recommendations are given to promote the development of non-timber forest products.