近爆作用下方形板表面爆炸载荷分布函数研究

Study on load distributing function of square slab surface under close-in blast loading

爆炸载荷作用的方式和大小是结构物遭受破坏的主要原因.目前的大多数研究都将爆炸载荷简化为双直线的形式,与实际的时程曲线差异较大,并且直接施加到结构上,回避了气体和结构间的流固耦合相互作用,对于近爆或内部爆炸将会对计算结果带来较大的误差.为了快速确定方形板近爆作用下结构表面的荷载,本文利用数值模拟方法研究了爆炸冲击波与结构的相互作用,提出了方形板结构表面上不同点处爆炸载荷的分布函数,并建立了板结构表面中心点处爆炸载荷参数的简化预测公式,利用这些公式提出了构建结构表面任意点处爆炸载荷的一般方法.结果表明,利用这些公式,可以预测任意尺寸结构构件在近爆爆炸环境中承受的爆炸载荷的各参数(峰值压力和冲量).

The mode and magnitude of the blast load are the main cause of damage to the structure.Most current studies have simplified the blast load into a bilinear form that differs greatly from the actual time history curve and is applied directly to the structure,avoiding the fluid-solid coupling interaction between the gas and the structure.The simplied blast load for near-explosion or internal explosion will bring a big error to the calculation results.In order to quickly determine the load on the surface of the square plate under near-explosion,the interaction between the explosion shock wave and the structure is studied by numerical simulation method.The distribution function of the explosion load at different points on the surface of the square plate structure is proposed,and the plate structure is established to simplify prediction formulas for blast load parameters at the center of the surface.Using these formulas,a general method for constructing blast loads at any point on the surface of a structure is proposed.The results show that using these formulas,it is possible to predict the parameters(peak pressure and impulse)of the blast load that an structural member of any size can withstand in a near-explosive environment.