全面两孩政策后北京市丰台区一孩和二孩母婴结局比较

A comparative analysis on the difference of maternal and infantile outcome between the primiparous and secundiparous neonates in Fengtai district,Beijing after the two-child policy’s implementation

目的探讨全面两孩政策后,北京市丰台区2017年一孩和二孩新生儿出生身长、体质量、产妇分娩情况的差异,并分析其中相关性。方法选取"北京市妇幼保健网络信息系统二期系统"中2017年1月1日-2017年12月31日在北京市丰台区建档的一孩和二孩新生儿信息21622条,回顾性分析一孩组(n=13505)及二孩组(n=8117)的出生身长、体质量、低体质量率、巨大儿率、产妇分娩情况的差异。结果2017年北京市丰台区二孩男婴出生身长高于一孩(P=0.017);二孩出生体质量高于一孩(P<0.001);二孩在巨大儿率、母亲分娩年龄、高龄产妇率、剖宫产率方面均高于一孩,但产妇孕周小于一孩,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。分层分析显示,25~35岁产妇人数比例最高,且25岁以上产妇分娩的二孩平均体质量高于一孩,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论全面两孩政策后,北京市丰台区2017年二孩出生体质量显著高于一孩,一孩和二孩新生儿出生体质量差异可能与分娩年龄、孕周、生产方式之间存在相关性。

Objective To explore the difference on birth length,birth weight,maternal delivery between the primiparous and secundiparous neonates in Fengtai district,Beijing in 2017,after the two-child policy implementation.Methods A total of 21622 data of primiparous and secundiparous neonates filed within Fengtai district between January 1,2017 and December 31,2017 was selected from"Beijing maternal and child health network information system phaseⅡ".Retrospective analysis of the differences between primiparous group(n=13505)and secundiparous group(n=8117)was performed,including birth length,birth weight,low birth weight rate,macrosomia,and maternal delivery.Results Significant difference of birth length was only found in the primiparous and secundiparous baby boy(P=0.017).The birth weight of secundiparous neonates is significantly higher than the primiparous(P<0.001).The secundiparous group has a significantly higher macrosomia rate,delivery age,older maternal rate,caesarean section rate than that in primiparous group,while has less gestational weeks than primiparous group(P<0.05).Stratification analysis shows maternal age between 25~35 years old contributed the largest number of newborns,and greater birth weight was found in secundiparous neonates among maternal age higher than25 years old(P<0.05).Conclusion After the two-child policy’s implementation,the birth weight of secundiparous neonates were significantly higher than the primiparous,the difference of birth weight between primiparous and secundiparous neonates in Fengtai district,2017,Beijing,may be related to maternal age,gestational week,and mode of delivery.