中国8个长寿地区65岁及以上老年人视力不良对死亡风险的影响

Influence of visual impairment on mortality in the elderly aged 65 years and older in 8 longevity areas in China

目的探讨中国长寿地区≥65岁老年人视力不良与全死因死亡风险的关系。方法数据来源于"中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查"子队列-"老年健康生物标志物队列研究数据库",本研究选取该项目中2012年的≥65岁老年人的身体测量和死亡指标进行分析,2014年和2017年随访生存结局。采用Cox比例风险回归模型分析视力对死亡风险的影响。按年龄和性别分亚组进一步分析数据。结果共纳入1736名老年人,5年随访期间共有943人死亡,5年死亡率为54.3%。视力不良组的5年死亡率为76.7%,高于视力良好组的47.6%(P<0.001)。校正人口学信息、生活方式、部分疾病因素后,视力不良组5年死亡风险是视力良好组的1.30倍(HR=1.30,95%CI:1.09~1.55)。女性老年人群中,视力不良组的死亡风险是视力良好组的1.48倍(HR=1.48,95%CI:1.20~1.84),而男性老年人的视力与死亡风险无关联(HR=1.02,95%CI:0.72~1.43)。在≥90岁的老年人群中,视力不良人群的死亡风险是视力良好组的1.39倍(HR=1.39,95%CI:1.13~1.70)。而65~79岁和80~89岁老年人的视力与死亡风险均无关联(HR=1.37,95%CI:0.61~3.07;HR=0.95,95%CI:0.61~1.48)。结论视力不良是中国老年人的死亡风险升高的危险因素。

Objective To understand the relationship between visual impairment and risk of all-cause mortality in the elderly aged 65 years and older in 8 longevity areas in China.Methods The data of the elderly aged 65 years and older in the project in 2012 were obtained from Healthy Aging and Biomarkers Cohort Study,a sub-cohort of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey,including physical measurement and survival status,and a follow-up for survival outcomes were conducted in 2014 and 2017 respectively.Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to analyze the influence of visual impairment on mortality.Gender and age specific analysis was conducted.Results A total of 1736 elderly adults were included.A total of 943 deaths occurred during the 5-year follow-up period with a 5-year mortality rate of 54.3%.The 5-year mortality rate was 76.7%in the group with visual impairment,and 47.6%in the group without visual impairment(P<0.001).After adjusting for demographic information,life style and some disease factors,the risk of 5-year mortality in the group with visual impairment group was 1.30 times higher than that in the group without visual impairment(HR=1.30,95%CI:1.09-1.55).In the females,the risk for mortality in the group with visual impairment was 1.48 times higher than that in the group without visual impairment(HR=1.48,95%CI:1.20-1.84).However,vision status was not associated with the risk for mortality in males(HR=1.02,95%CI:0.72-1.43).The risk for mortality in the group with visual impairment was 1.39 times higher than that in the group without visual impairment in the elderly aged over 90 years(HR=1.39,95%CI:1.13-1.70).Vision status was not associated with mortality risk in the elderly aged 65-79 years and 80-89 years(HR=1.37,95%CI:0.61-3.07;HR=0.95,95%CI:0.61-1.48).Conclusion In the elderly people in China,visual impairment is a risk factor for mortality.