开采条件下锑矿矿井水中重金属的转化机理分析

Analysis of Conversion Mechanism of Heavy Metals in Antimony Mine Water under the Conditions of Mining

矿业活动引起的重金属污染问题日益突出,而末端治理途径无法有效解决该问题,对锑矿开采条件下矿井水中的重金属转化机理进行研究,可为源头防控提供基础支撑。以开采条件下某锑矿矿井水为研究对象,通过水化学分析及水文地球化学模拟,分析了矿井水中重金属的形态特征及影响因素。结果表明,矿井水中的主要重金属污染物为Sb、Al、Fe和Mn,主要来源于辉锑矿、铝硅酸盐及硫铁矿等矿物,且主要集中于碱性水体区的起点区域和酸性水体区的末端区域;不同水体的混合过程使水体pH值和Eh值发生变化,进而引起重金属形态组成和浓度特征的突变,同时Fe(OH)3与Al(OH)3分别在碱性条件下和弱酸性条件下的吸附过程会对其它重金属的浓度产生较大影响。

The problem of heavy metal pollution caused by mining activities is increasingly prominent,and the terminal management approach cannot effectively solve this problem.Research on the mechanism of heavy metal conversion in antimony mine water under the conditions of mining can provide basic support for source prevention and control.In this study,the ore mine water under mining conditions was studied,and the morphological characteristics and influencing factors of heavy metals in mine water were analyzed by hydrochemical analysis and hydrogeochemical simulation.The results show that the main heavy metal pollutants in mine water are Sb,Al,Fe,and Mn,and they are mainly derived from minerals such as stibnite,aluminosilicate,and pyrite,and are mainly concentrated in the starting area of the alkaline water body and the end area of the acidic water body.The mixing process of different water bodies changes the pH value and Eh value of the water body,which causes a mutation about heavy metal morphological composition and concentration characteristics.The adsorption process of Fe(OH)3 under alkaline conditions and Al(OH)3 under weakly acidic conditions will have a great influence on the concentration of other heavy metals.migration.