晶体锗切削温度场的理论建模及数值模拟

Theoretical Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Temperature Field of Crystal Germanium Cutting

针对晶体锗切削加工过程,首先采用热源法及温度叠加原理建立了切削温度场的理论数学模型。然后运用MATLAB软件分别计算出切削速度分别为1.5、2.0、2.5m/s,进给量分别为0.02、0.025mm/r时工件在剪切变形区的温度场,分析了不同切削速度、不同进给量下的温度变化。最后,采用DEFORM-3D软件进行三维切削仿真分析,获得了不同切削参数下工件温度场的云图。计算结果与仿真结果表明:切削速度与进给量的增大会导致切削温度的升高,刀具与工件开始接触时,切削温度、进给量与时间呈线性急剧增加,但温度升高到一定值后会保持相对稳定。相同增量下,进给量对切削温度的影响大于切削速度。不同切削速度和进给量下的仿真结果与理论计算结果误差均小于10%。

Aiming at the process of crystal germanium cutting,firstly,the theoretical mathematical model of the cutting temperature field was established by means of the heat source method and temperature superposition principle.Then the MATLAB software was used to calculate the temperature field of the workpiece in the shear deformation zone when the cutting speed is 1.5,2.0,2.5 m/s,and the feed rates are 0.02 and 0.025 mm/r,respectively.Different cutting speeds and different feed rates are analyzed.Finally,the three-dimensional cutting simulation analysis is carried out by using DEFORM-3 Dsoftware,and the cloud maps of the workpiece temperature field under different cutting parameters are obtained.The calculation results and simulation results show that the increase of the cutting speed and feed rate will lead to an increase in cutting temperature.When the tool-workpiece comes into contact,the cutting temperature,feed rate,and time increase linearly sharply,but the temperature will remain relatively stable when it rises to a certain value.Under the same increment,the effect of the feed rate on the cutting temperature is greater than that of the cutting speed.The error between simulation results and theoretical calculation results at different cutting speeds and feed rates is less than 10%.