γ-戊内酯的制备及其在纤维素生物质转化方面的应用

Synthesis of γ-valerolactone and its application in biomass conversion

γ-戊内酯是以木质纤维素生物质为原料制备的一种潜力巨大的平台化合物,它既可转化为高密度燃料、相关高分子材料以及其他高价值化学品,也可作为绿色溶剂促进木质生物质向其他高值方向转化。在化石能源日益紧俏、环境问题日益严重的今天,对γ-戊内酯进行深入研究显得尤为重要。但在实际生产中,仍存在产量低、除杂难等经济环保类问题需要解决。基于γ-戊内酯研究的最新进展,从γ-戊内酯的制备与应用两方面进行了论述,综述了生物质催化生产γ-戊内酯的研究进展,说明不同底物生产γ-戊内酯的理论基础与优缺点,并以贵金属和非贵金属催化剂为界,分类讨论了多种用于合成γ-戊内酯的催化剂。最后,结合γ-戊内酯在纤维素生物质转化应用方面的进展情况,探索了γ-戊内酯与其他相关有机物之间的制备关系,为γ-戊内酯的进一步开发利用提供了思路。

Energy is an essential item for human survival and social development.As the energy price continues to increase,the perception has been grown that bioenergy can provide great environmental advantages over fossil energy sources.By contributing to the increased energy security,bioenergy also has strategic implications,particularly for oil importing countries.The bioenergy can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions,which is one of the most important global concerns.However,there are challenges to be overcome before the full utilization of bioenergy.A number of problems associated with bioenergy production,especially regarding large-scale industrial operations,have been placed high on the priority list.Made from lignocellulosic biomass,γ-valerolactone(GVL)is a potential platform compound.With the increasing demand for energy and the increasingly prominent environmental problems,it is essential to extend the applications of GVL.GVL can be converted into high-value chemicals,and can also be used as a green solvent to promote the conversion of biomass to other high-value chemicals.The synthesis of GVL from furans or lignocellulosic biomass was reported in many studies,and varied reaction mechanisms have been proposed.However,in the large-scale production,it still needs to be further investigated to achieve more economical and environmentally friendly applications.Based on the latest research achievements in the study of GVL,the progress in the research and production of GVL from biomass was reviewed,and the theoretical basis,advantages and disadvantages of different substrates for the production of GVL were discussed in detail.Several types of catalysts for the synthesis of GVL were classified and discussed on the basis of noble and non-noble metal catalysts,which provided a basis for the design of new catalysts.The application of GVL as a green solvent for the valorization of lignocellulosic biomass has been studied in depth,which is directly related to the production and yield improvement of target products such as sugar monomer and furfural.The relationship between GVL and other platform compounds was explored by combining with the development of the GVL research.Finally,this work also proposed new approaches and challenging strategies for the further development and applications of GVL in the industrial productions.