基于根域限制的葡萄小麦套种模式对小麦小气候环境与经济效益的影响

Effects of intercropping grape with wheat on wheat microclimate,growth and yield

研究了基于根域限制的葡萄小麦套种模式对小麦小气候环境及生长产量的影响。结果表明,套种葡萄对小麦冠层温湿度的影响不显著,对小麦冠层整体遮阴程度仅为20%,且根域限制种植不影响小麦的水肥资源。套种葡萄对小麦旗叶的光合速率影响较低,在小麦区域边缘处每靠近葡萄10 cm,CO 2光合速率下降约0.26μmol/m 2/s,且套种葡萄不会影响小麦的营养生长和生殖生长。与对照相比,套种小麦的单位面积产量降低15%,净收入提高8.4倍。因此,基于根域限制的葡萄小麦套种是一种对小麦影响较弱,提升经济效益能力极强的套种模式。

Grape wheat intercropping is an excellent intercropping model,but at present there are few studies in China.Through demonstrating the advantages of the intercropping model,it can provide a theoretical basis and data basis for the promotion of this model,and provide new way of income for food growers in Henan at the same time.This study explored the effects of Vitis vinifera Triticum aestivum intercropping patterns based on root zone restriction on wheat microclimate environment and growth and production.Root restricted grape‘Flaming Muscat’and wheat‘Wheat Zheng 113’are chosen to intercrop together.Changing of wheat microclimate and growth are analyzed to judge whether there is bad influence on wheat,and total yield and output value are counted to prove the advantage of intercropping.As the result shows,the effect of grape wheat intercropping on temperature and humidity is not significant.Intercropping has a weak shading effect on the whole wheat line.And the intercropping does not affect the water and fertilizer resources of the wheat.Intercropping grapes have a weak negative impact on the photosynthetic rate of wheat flag leaves.And the intercropping grapes would not obviously affect the vegetative growth and the reproductive growth of wheat.The grape wheat intercropping will significantly improve the economic benefits of the wheat field.The net income of intercropping field is 8.4 times more than the single crop wheat field,and the wheat yield of intercropping field is only 15%less than single crop wheat field.Therefore,grape wheat intercropping is a kind of intercropping mode with weak influence on wheat and strong economic efficiency.