肥料减量对番茄植株生长、果实品质及需肥规律的影响

Effects of reducing fertilizer on plant growth,fruit quality and fertilizer requirement of tomato

以嫁接番茄品种“金棚6022/浙砧一号”为试材,以农户常规施肥量(无机复合肥1650 kg/hm 2)为参考,在此基础上设置4个不同梯度的施肥水平试验组,研究了肥料减量对春茬大棚番茄植株生长、果实品质、产量及需肥规律的影响。结果表明,T2施肥水平[基肥(15-15-15)675 kg/hm 2+追肥(20-20-20)315 kg/hm 2]处理下,番茄植株具有较好的生长状况、综合果实品质、最高的果实单株产量(2842.2 g/株)及实测产量(154762.5 kg/hm 2)、相对适宜的营养元素吸收比例(N∶P∶K∶Mg=1∶0.20∶1.07∶0.35)。故试验T2处理的施肥水平及策略,可作为上海地区春茬设施番茄土培生产施肥的参考。

This study took the conventional fertilizer amount from local farmers as reference and mainly studied the effects of different fertilizer treatments on growth,fruit quality,yield and fertilization requirement of soil cultured spring tomato.Here,a grafted tomato variety,“Jin Peng 6022/Zhe Zhen No.1”was planted in the soil under four gradient treatments.Results showed that under the treatment of T2(base fertilizer(15-15-15)675 kg/hm 2+topdressing(20-20-20)315 kg/hm 2),tomato plants had good growth and comprehensive fruit quality,highest fruit yield per plant(2842.2 g/plant)and measured yield(154762.5 kg/hm 2)and suitable ratio of the absorption of nutrient elements(N∶P∶K∶Mg=1∶0.20∶1.07∶0.35).The fertilization rate and treatment of T2 would be taken as the recommended fertilization strategy for the soil culture production of spring tomato in Shanghai.