社会资本量表的编制及在乳腺癌患者中的应用和信效度分析

The establishment of social capital scale and analysis on its reliability and validity among the patients with breast cancer

目的编制可准确评估居民社会资本的量表,并检验其效度和信度。方法参考国内外研究形成24个条目的社会资本量表草本,以上海市532名乳腺癌生存者为对象,根据探索性因子分析进行条目筛选,使用Cronbach’s alpha系数检查量表的内部一致性,通过验证性因子分析检查量表的结构性效度,同时以中文版压力感知量表为标准通过线性相关分析讨论量表的外部效度。结果根据探索性因子分析结果,删除因子载荷<0.5或在两个及以上因子上载荷>0.4、条目与总得分相关系数<0.3及条目含义与其所在因子概念不符的条目共5条后保留19个条目,量表分为社会参与、社交网络、社会支持、对生活的掌控、对社区的感受和归属感5个因子,累计方差贡献率为74.498%。将5因子模型进行验证性因子分析,结果显示模型与数据拟合程度较好(χ^2=998.797,df=180,CFI=0.911,RMSEA=0.093)。量表及各因子的Cronbacha系数在0.866~0.950之间。结论本研究编制的社会资本量表的结构效度和内部一致性信度良好,可以有效的测量乳腺癌生存者的社会资本,且该量表具有较好的外部效度,对于其他人群的适用性还需做进一步探索。

Objective To establish a scale to evaluate social capital of citizens and verify its reliability and validity.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 532 patients with breast cancer from the Cancer Recovery Club of Shanghai.The draft of social capital scale was based on domestic and abroad researches.The useless and unreliable questions were filtrated according to the result of the exploratory factor analysis.The internal consistency of the scale was checked by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient,and the structural validity was verified by confirmatory factor analysis.The external validity of the scale was discussed by linearly dependent analysis using the Chinese version of Pressure Perception Scale as a standard.Results According to the factors’loading results concluded from the exploratory factor analysis,the questions whose loadings were less than 0.5 or possessing two or more than two loadings that were more than 0.4 were deleted,and the questions whose correlation coefficients with the total scores were less than 0.3 or its meaning incongruent with the factor it belonged to were also deleted.Finally 5 questions were deleted and 19 remained.The scale can be divided into 5 factors including social participation,social networking,social support,controlling of his or her own life and the feelings and sense of belonging towards the community,and the accumulative rate of contribution of the factors was 74.498%.The result of the confirmatory factor analysis towards the 5 factors showed that fitting degree of the model and the data was great(χ^2=998.797,df=180,CFI=0.911,RMSEA=0.093).The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients between each factor and the scale were in the range of 0.866-0.950.Conclusion The internal consistency and structural validity of the scale compiled in this research are good so the scale can be used to effectively evaluate the social capital of breast cancer patients and the external validity of the scale is also good,however,whether the scale can be popularized to use in other groups of people remains unclear and requires further research.