农地非农化中土地增值收益分配的公平性判断

Fairness Judgment of Income Distribution of Land Value Increment in the Non-Agricultural Conversion of Agricultural Land

以2010-2016年全国31个省会城市和直辖市为研究对象,运用不平等指数及社会福利指数测度土地增值收益分配的公平性,并探究其时空分异规律。研究结果表明:从全国层面看,土地增值收益分配基尼系数、阿特金指数和社会福利指数增大,表明土地增值收益分配的差距扩大,利益主体间的平等程度降低,而社会福利水平提高。从区域层面看,东部地区利益主体间分配差距缩小,中西部地区差距扩大,且西部扩大更为明显;社会福利东部地区提升幅度最大,西部最小。我国应改革征地制度,协调区域发展,寻求土地增值收益分配公平与效率的统一,促进社会福利的提升。

Targeting 31 provincial capital cities and centrally-administered municipalities from 2010 to 2016,this paper measures the fairness of land value-added income distribution by using the inequality index and social welfare index,exploring the law of its spatial-temporal differentiation.The results reveal that the increase in Gini coefficient,Atkin index,and social welfare index for land value-added income distribution,in terms of the national level,indicates an enlarged gap in the income distribution of land value increment,and a reduced degree of equalization among the stakeholders while the overall social welfare is gradually improved.At the regional level,the gap of interest distributions among the stakeholders in the east area is reduced while that is widened in the middle and west areas,and this gap is especially significant in the west.The eastern region enjoys the largest increase in social welfare,and the western the least.Accordingly,China should reform the land requisition system,coordinate regional development and seek a balance between fairness and efficiency in the income distribution of land value increment so as to improve the social welfare.