阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征成年患者睡眠监测特点及临床表现的分析

Analysis of Sleep Monitoring Characteristics and Clinical Manifestations in Adult Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome

目的:监测成年人阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome,OSAHS)患者的睡眠监测特点及临床表现,对比分析成年人不同年龄段OSAHS患者睡眠监测特点与临床表现,为临床OSAHS的认识及诊治提供依据。方法:研究对象为168例阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征成年人患者,研究时间为2016年1月至2018年12月,按照年龄的不同分为两组,即老年组(老年人群)80例和中青年组(中青年人群)88例;对比分析两组患者的一般资料多导睡眠监测结果、临床表现、个人史及合并疾病的发生情况等进行观察及评估。结果:中青年组患者临床存在的打鼾、呼吸暂停、夜间憋醒、嗜睡等典型临床表现高于老年组;中青年组患者呼吸暂停指数(AHI)高于老年组,老年组患者CT90%、微觉醒指数、氧减指数、Ⅰ期睡眠时间占总睡眠时间的百分比、Ⅲ期睡眠时间占总睡眠时间的百分比、REM睡眠时间占总睡眠时间的百分比、总睡眠呼吸暂停时间均低于中青年组,均存在明显差异,P<0.05;老年组患者合并冠心病的比例高于中青年组,具有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论:中青年组OSAHS患者临床表现典型,AHI高,病情程度重;老年组OSAHS患者临床表现不典型,睡眠质量差,合并冠心病等慢性疾病的比例高,风险高。

Objective:To monitor the sleep monitoring characteristics and clinical manifestations of adult patients with Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS),and to make a comparative analysis of the sleep monitoring characteristics and clinical manifestations of adult patients of different age groups,so as to provide a basis for the understanding,diagnosis and treatment of clinical OSAHS.Methods:168 elderly patients with OSAHS were studied from January 2016 to December 2018.They were divided into two groups according to age,namely,80 cases in the elderly group(elderly population)and 88 cases in the middle-aged and young group(middle-aged and young population).Polysomnography monitoring results,clinical manifestations,personal history and the occurrence of complicated diseases of the two groups were compared and evaluated.Results:The typical clinical manifestations of snoring,apnea,waking up at night and lethargy in young and middle-aged patients were higher than those in the elderly group.Young and middle-aged patients apnea hypopnea index(AHI)higher than the elderly group,elderly group patients CT90%,micro awakening,oxygen reduction index,Ⅰperiod as a percentage of total sleep time,Ⅲperiod as a percentage of total sleep time and REM sleep time as a percentage of total sleep time,total sleep apnea time than young and middle-aged group,there were significant differences,P<0.05;The proportion of patients with coronary heart disease in the elderly group was higher than that in the young and middle-aged group,with statistical difference(P<0.05).Conclusion:The clinical manifestations of OSAHS patients in the young and middle-aged group were typical,AHI is high and the degree of disease is serious;the clinical manifestations of OSAHS patients in the old group are not typical,sleep quality is poor,the proportion of chronic diseases such as coronary heart disease is high and the risk is high.