生物玻璃在组织修复中的研究进展

Research Progress of Bioglass in Tissue Regeneration

生物玻璃最早被应用于硬骨组织修复,近些年越来越多的研究证明其还可用于修复软骨和软组织,如皮肤、角膜、肺、神经组织等。具有代表性的生物玻璃包括硅酸盐生物玻璃和硼酸盐生物玻璃,这类生物玻璃在体内环境中能够快速释放大量的离子,发挥特殊的生物学效应,如抑菌活性,细胞附着、繁殖和迁移、血管生成等。掺杂元素对生物玻璃的性能起到重要的作用,进而调控组织修复中的不同效果。并且,生物玻璃的结构也对细胞的生长及组织修复有着重要的作用。由于生物玻璃韧性低、脆性高,常与金属、多聚物等制备成复合材料应用于组织修复。综述了生物玻璃物理化学性质与生物学活性的关系,同时介绍和探讨了基于生物玻璃衍生出来的复合材料及其应用,为开发新型的组织修复材料提供参考。

Bioglass was firstly invented to regenerate bone,in recent years it has also been applied in the regeneration of cartilage and soft tissues,such as skin,cornea,lung and nerve. The representative bioglass includes silicate bioglass and borate bioglass,they release abundant ions in physiological environment and induce specific biological responses,such as antibacterial effect,promoting cell adhesion,proliferation,migration and angiogenesis. Doping elements are crucial for the properties of bioglass,which perform different effects in tissue healing. What’s more,the structure of bioglass is also important for cell growth and tissue repair. Due to the adverse properties of bioglass,such as low toughness and high fragility,it is usually compounded with metals,polymers as composite materials to be applied in tissue repair. In this paper,the relationship between physical and chemical properties of bioglass and its bioactivity is reviewed,the recent application progress of composite materials derived from bioglass is introduced and discussed,which will provide reference for the advanced medical materials in the field of tissue regeneration.