药物胎盘转运模型的应用研究进展

Progress of drug placental transporter models

目前临床上妊娠期用药的安全性数据较少,因此开展药物胎盘转运的研究可预测药物在体内透过胎盘屏障的转运过程,对于指导妊娠女性合理用药具有重要意义。药物胎盘转运的研究涉及体内及体外两方面。体内研究可提供较为完整的妊娠过程,但由于伦理限制和种间差异,该研究较难展开;体外研究通过建立离体胎盘灌注模型、胎盘组织制备模型和细胞培养模型,分别从细胞、组织和整体3个不同维度进行药物经胎盘转运的研究。本文综述了以上胎盘转运模型及其特点和研究进展,期望能为学者提供合适的药物胎盘转运模型以进行下一步研究。

At present,there are few data on drug safety used in pregnancy.The study of drug placental transporter can predict the transport process of drugs through the placental barrier,which is of great significance to guide the rational use of drugs in pregnant women.The method of studying placental transporters includes both in vivo and in vitro.In vivo experiment provide a more completely pregnancy process.It is more difficult to carry out due to ethical limitations and interspecific differences.In vitro models include ex vivo human placental perfusion,the membrane vesicles and villous explant model,the human choriocarcinoma cell lines.Drug placental transporter is studied from three different dimensions:cell,tissue and the whole.In this review,we are talking about the above placental transporter models and their characteristics and research progress,which are expected to provide scholars with a suitable placental transporter model for further research.