西方生态美学的建构路径及其启示

The construction path of western ecological aesthetics and Its Enlightenment

西方生态美学主要出现在北美等英语世界,德语和其他外语世界(包括法语、意大利语、西班牙语、俄语等)也有不同程度的论述。以英语世界的生态美学作为主体研究对象可以发现,西方生态美学的建构主要有三种路径,依次为哲学思辨、生态艺术理论与环境实践。统揽西方生态美学70年的发展历程我们可以得到四点启示:第一,强化科学意识,加强生态学与美学之间的良性互动与有机融合;第二,加强美学观与生态审美体验之间的互动,使生态美学的内涵更加深刻而清晰;第三,加强生态美学与生态艺术之间的互动,使得生态美学成为所有审美对象(包括环境和艺术两大领域)的普遍美学,从而与环境美学更加清晰地区别开来;第四,努力实现生态实践与生态美学之间的良性互动,进一步增强生态美学的理论深度、现实针对性和社会实践性。这四点也正是生态美学未来的发展方向。

Western ecological aesthetics appears mainly in Northern American and other English world as well as in German and other foreign language world including French,Italian,Spanish and Russian.Taking English ecologicalaesthetics as object,we can find that there are three paths of construction,which philosophical thinking,ecological art theory and environmental practice.Four enlightenments can be drawn from the 70 years’ development of Western ecological aesthetics: first,strengthening the awareness of sciences so as to promote the constructive interactions between ecology and aesthetics;secondly,enhancing the constructive interactions between the aesthetic conception and ecological aesthetic experience so as to make the connotation of ecological aesthetics deeper and clearer;thirdly,reinforcing the constructive interactions between ecological aesthetics and ecological arts so as to make ecological aesthetics a general aesthetics about all kinds of aesthetic objects including environments and arts;fourthly,realizing the constructive interactions between ecological practices and ecological aesthetics so as to strengthen its theoretical depth,realistic pertinence and social practicality.These four points indicate the development directions of ecological aesthetics.