从“常态化”到“法治化”：监察谈话的类型、限度及规制

From “normalization” to “legalization”:types,limitation and regulation of the supervision conversation

监察机关法定调查职权的"监察谈话"有别于党内的"纪委谈话"。监察谈话基于监察法治化之规制要求,对监察个案所暴露的轻微问题予以事前型规制(提醒型监察谈话)、对个案情节较轻的被调查对象予以结果型处置(处置型监察谈话)、对可能存在职务违法行为的被调查对象进行常态型监督(调查型监察谈话),由此实现了从"纪法区分"到"纪法衔接"、从"单一化谈话"到"多类型谈话"、从"红脸出汗常态化"到"监察谈话法治化"的三重制度改革与逻辑转变。基于监察法治化之需求,监察谈话制度的运行应避免过犹不及。面对既有监察谈话制度供给不足之桎梏,其规制体系应从主体限定、前提条件、程序控制、运行监督、权利救济五个方面予以补白、细化。

Measures for"supervision conversation"based on legal function and power of research of supervisory organ is different from the inner-party"discipline inspection commission conversation".The supervision of conversation is based on requirement of regulation of supervision by law,giving beforehandtype regulation for the clue of slight question exposed by the supervised case(reminding-type supervision conversation),giving result-type dispose for respondent with light plot in individual case(disposition-type supervision conversation),conducting normal-type supervision for the object whose duty may break the law(research-type supervision conversation),from which achieving moulding and logic transformation of triple systems from "discipline distinction"to "discipline connection",from "single conversation"to"multi-type conversation"and from "normalization"to"legalization".Based on requirement of supervision by law,limitation of supervising conversation research measures lies in avoiding"too much is as bad as too little".Facing the shackle of shortage of measures for existing conversation,its regulation system shall be filled and refined from dimensions of limited main body,conditions of entity,control of program,operation supervision and rights relief.