制动盘模态的数值分析与试验研究

Numerical analysis and experimental study on modal of brake disc

制动盘是制动系统中的关键零部件,其振动特性关系着整个制动系统的噪声稳定性。本文用有限元分析与试验相结合的方法研究制动盘的固有频率特性:建立制动盘有限元模型,分析制动盘自由模态与约束模态;搭建自由模态测试平台,利用锤击法产生激励信号,通过传感器采集系统的输入输出信号;对输出信号进行预处理,用快速傅里叶变换得到制动盘固有频率的频谱。研究结果表明,制动盘的变形主要为端面跳动,容易与其他零部件发生模态耦合,产生共振。通过数据对比分析,验证了有限元模型与模态分析结果的正确性,为制动盘的设计与选型、系统制动噪声的降低等提供了理论依据。

The brake disc is a key component in the brake system,its vibration characteristics are related to the noise stability of the whole brake system.A combination method of finite element analysis and experiments was proposed to study the natural frequency characteristics of the brake disc.The finite element model of the brake disc was established,and then the free mode and the constrained mode of the brake disc were analyzed.The free modal test platform was built.The excitation signal was generated by the hammer method,and the input and output signals of the system were collected by the sensor.The output signal was preprocessed and the spectrum of the brake disc natural frequency was obtained by the fast Fourier transform.It was found that the deformation of the brake disc was mainly the end face run-out,which easily resulted out a resonance with other components to generate resonance.Through data comparison analysis,the correctness of the finite element model and modal analysis result were verified,which layed a theoretical foundation for the design and selection of the brake disc and the noise reduction of the braking system.