豆科牧草三叶草和紫云英与鲜食糯玉米间作对田间杂草的防治效果

Control Effect of Waxy Corn and Clover or Astragalus sinicus Intercropping Pattern on Field Weeds

为玉米种植中杂草绿色防控技术的应用和推广提供理论依据,利用豆科牧草(三叶草和紫云英)与鲜食糯玉米间作模式,研究玉米单作(CK)、玉米-三叶草间作(T1)和玉米-紫云英间作(T2)不同处理的田间杂草密度、杂草鲜重及防效、玉米产量与品质及种植经济效益。结果表明:杂草密度、杂草鲜重在玉米拔节期、喇叭口期和成熟期均为CK>T2>T1;T1的杂草株防效与鲜重防效均大于T2;玉米产量T1和T2处理较CK分别增加32.32%和16.91%;玉米可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和维生素C含量T1和T2处理较CK均显著增加;T1、T2经济效益较CK分别增加13342元/hm2和9122元/hm2。在玉米拔节期、喇叭口期和成熟期玉米单作处理的杂草密度及鲜重均大于与紫云英、三叶草间作的处理,玉米与豆科牧草间作可有效降低田间杂草数量,提高玉米品质,其中以玉米-三叶草间作的杂草防除效果最好。

The field weed density,fresh weed weight and control efficiency,corn yield and quality,and economic benefit of waxy corn mono-cropping(CK),waxy corn-clover intercropping(T1)and waxy cornAstragalus sinicus intercropping(T2)are compared by a field experiment to provide the theoretical basis for application and popularization of weed green prevention and control technology in corn cultivation.Result:The weed density and fresh weed weight of three treatments at jointing,bell and maturity stage are CK>T2>T1.The weed plant control efficiency and fresh weed weight of T1 both are higher than T2.The corn yield of T1 and T2 is32.32%and 16.91%higher than CK separately.The soluble sugar,soluble protein and VCcontent in corn of T1 and T2 is higher than CK significantly.The economic benefit of T1 and T2 increases by 13342 Yuan/hm2 and 9122 Yuan/hm2 compared with CK respectively.The weed density and fresh weed weight of CK both higher than T1 and T2 at jointing,bell and maturity stage of corn.The waxy corn-legume intercropping pattern can reduce weed quantity and improve corn yield effectively.The weed control efficiency of waxy corn-clover intercropping pattern(T1)is the best among three treatments.