大连老铁山秋季环志雀形目鸟类多样性及变化分析

Analysis on the diversity and change of bird banding Passeriformes in the autumn of Laotie Mountain in Dalian

以辽宁蛇岛老铁山国家级自然保护区管理局设置在大连老铁山地区小东沟的环志站2012-2017年秋季环志到的雀形目鸟类为研究对象,对其科数、属数、种数、个体数量变化情况以及各年份多样性、相似性情况进行分析.2012-2017年,小东沟环志站共环志到雀形目鸟类18科,33属,65种,17 490只.按照年际排列,Shannon-Wienner多样性指数H顺序大小为H2012>H2016>H2015>H2017>H2013>H2014;各年份Pielou均匀度指数J顺序大小为J2016>J2012>J2015>J2013>J2017>J2014;各年份Simpson优势度指数C顺序大小为C2013>C2017>C2014>C2015>C2016>C2012.相似性指数方面,2015年与2016年相似性程度最大,达到了0.882 0.除2013年与其他年份相似度较低外,各年份之间相似度均较高,且相邻2个年份间的相似性程度基本都高于不相邻的年份.总体来看,2012-2017年间,老铁山地区环志雀形目鸟类个体数量一直处在动态变化中.多样性方面,2012年科、属、种组成最丰富,多样性最高,2016年次之,其他年份相对比较稳定.

In this paper,the object of study is Passeriformes birds,which were banded from Xiaodonggou Bird Banding Station of Liaoning Snake Island Laotie Mountain National Nature Reserve in the autumn from 2012 to 2017,the change of the number of family,genus,species,individual and diversity and similarity of each year were analyzed.From 2012 to 2017,a total of 17 490 individual birds,belonging to 18 families,33 genus and 65 species were banded in Xiaodonggou Bird Banding Station.In chronological order,the Shannon-Wienner Diversity Index in each year is:H2012>H2016>H2015>H2017>H2013>H2014;the Pielou Equitability Index in each year is:J2016>J2012>J2015>J2013>J2017>J2014;The Simpson Dominance Index in each year is:C2013>C2017>C2014>C2015>C2016>C2012.In terms of similarity index,the degree of similarity between 2015 and 2016 is the highest,reaching 0.882 0.Except for the low similarity between 2013 and other years,the similarity between each year is high,and the similarity degree between the two adjacent years is basically higher than that of the non-adjacent years.In general,the number of individuals of Passeriformes birds from 2012 to 2017 in Laotie Mountain area has been in a dynamic change.In terms of diversity,the composition of family,genus and species were the most abundant in 2012,with the highest diversity,followed by 2016,and the other years were relatively stable.