对立与统一:《边城》节庆的另一种解读

Opposition and Unity: Another Interpretation of the Festival in Border Town

沈从文作为湘西本土作家,在文学创作中融入许多具有地域特色的风土人情,小说《边城》以端午节、中秋节与元宵节三个节日为主体,从多层面、多视角表达了对生命本质状态的关注。民俗文化解读中,过度拘泥于节庆背后的文化意义,就会忽略民俗所具有的本质特征,葛兰言采用社会人类学方法和“异文化”的独特视野为我们研究文学作品中的民俗现象提供了新的视角。根据葛兰言对中国古代节庆的研究,我们可以在《边城》中看到形式对立中的和谐节庆、情感对立中的婚姻节庆以及狂欢化中的精神节庆,能够发现别样的《边城》。

As a native writer in Western Hunan,Shen Congwen integrates many local customs and human feelings into his literary creation.The novel Border Town takes the Dragon Boat Festival,the Mid-Autumn Festival and the Spring Festival as the main festivals,and expresses his concern about the essential state of life from multiple perspectives.In the interpretation of folklore culture,excessive adherence to the cultural significance behind festivals will neglect the essential characteristics of folklore.Gram's unique perspective of Social Anthropology and"alien culture"provides a new perspective for us to study folklore phenomena in literary works.According to the study of ancient Chinese festivals in Gram's dialect,we can see the formal opposition in Border Town.The harmonious festival,the marriage festival in the emotional opposition and the spiritual festival in the carnival can discover different Border Town.