“森林转型”研究进展与展望

Reviews and Prospects for Forest Transition

通过分析有关"森林转型"的文献,归纳总结"森林转型"的概念与内涵、理论发展、分析框架、研究方法以及影响因素,提出"森林转型"未来的研究重点,为森林保护政策和可持续发展提供科学依据。主要结论如下:1)"森林转型"指森林面积由减少至增多的趋势性逆转,是社会-经济-环境系统相互适应的结果,是土地利用的综合反映,主要核心问题是趋势逆转的驱动因素与内在机理;2)"森林转型"具有特殊性、偶发性和并发性,具有非线性动态、明显转折和多维的特征;3)"森林转型"具有多种路径(经济发展路径、森林稀缺路径、全球化路径、国家森林政策路径和农户土地利用集约化路径),目前主要通过林地利用的相对地租、土地质量调整和社会生态反馈来解释"森林转型"发生机制;4)需要在更加综合的整体分析框架下,集成多源数据与方法,按照"概念-过程-机制-效应-应用"的思路研究"森林转型",注重系统性的尺度综合与异质性,扩展案例研究范围,加深跨学科研究,并加强政策应用的实践。

In order to support the scientific forest conservation policy and sustainable development, through collecting and analyzing the domestic and foreign academic literature about "Forest Transition", this paper summarized the concept, connotation, theories, research framework, methods and impact factors, put forward the future research focus and prospect of "Forest Transition", and proposed an integrated theoretical framework of "Forest Transition", The main conclusions are as follows. 1) The concept of "Forest Transition" refers to the reversal trend of forest area from reduction to increase, which is the result of the mutual adaptation of socialeconomic-environment system. "Forest Transition" is the comprehensive reflection of land use. The main core issue of "Forest Transition" research is the driving factors and internal mechanism of reversal trend. 2) "Forest Transition" has the characteristics of particularity, occasionality and concurrency. It has the characteristics of nonlinear dynamics, obvious turning point and multi-dimension. 3) "Forest Transition" has many paths(economic development path, forest scarcity path, globalization path, national forest policy path, intensive of peasant land use path). At present, the mechanism of "Forest Transition" is mainly explained by relative rent of forest-land use, land quality adjustment and social-ecological feedbacks. 4) Currently, the achievements about "Forest Transition" are plentiful but still need to integrate multi-source data and methods in accordance with a more comprehensive theoretical research framework of overall analysis, follow the research line of "concept-process-mechanism-effectapplication", focus on systematic scale synthesis and heterogeneity, expand the scope of case studies, deepen interdisciplinary research, and strengthen policy application.