12~14岁少年体力活动水平与动作能力发展的相关性

Correlation between physical activity and motor skill among adolescents aged 12-14

目的探讨青少年日常体力活动水平与动作能力发展之间的相关性,以期为促进青少年体力活动提供新视角。方法选取北京市某中学12~14岁153名初中生(男73名,女80名)为研究对象。采用加速度计(Acti Graph GT3X+)记录研究对象连续7 d的体力活动,采用动作能力测试量表(Movement Assessment Battery for children,Second Edition,MABC-2)评估其动作能力发展水平。结果研究对象平均每天参与中高强度体力活动(moderate and vigorous physical activity,MVPA)的时间为42.15 min,满足世界卫生组织体力活动指南推荐量的占15.7%。动作能力发展处于平均水平的占56%。MVPA与物体控制能力得分呈正相关(r=0.20,P<0.05),低强度体力活动与精细动作得分之间呈正相关(r=0.23,P<0.01);男生MVPA与物体控制之间存在正相关(r=0.29,P<0.05),在女生中未发现二者间的相关性。结论青少年参与MVPA的时间依然不足,基于体力活动和动作能力间的关系,以发展物体控制能力为出发点促进青少年参与MVPA的方法,为体力活动促进提供了新视角。

Objective To explore the relationship between adolescents’physical activity and motor skills, and to provide a new perspective for the promotion of adolescents physical activity. Methods The subjects were 153 adolescents aged 12-14, including 73 boys and 80 girls were selected as participants. The accelerometer( Acti Graph GT3 X+) was used to measuring physical activity of the subjects for 7 consecutive days. The Movement Assessment Battery for Children, Second Edition( MABC-2) was used to measure the level of development of motor skills. Results The average time for subjects to participate in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity( MVPA) was 42.15 minutes per day, 15.7% of the subjects met the World Health Organization physical activity guidelines. 56% of subjects had an average level of motor development. There was a positive correlation between MVPA and the object control skill score( r = 0.20, P<0.05). There was a positive correlation between low intensity physical activity and fine motor scores( r = 0.23, P<0.01);There was a low correlation between moderate-high intensity physical activity and object control in boys( r = 0.29, P<0.05), and no correlation was found among girls. Conclusion Time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity among adolescents is still insufficient. The mutual promotion of physical activity and motor skill provides a new perspective for developing the motor skills of children and adolescents to improve moderate-to-vigorous physical activity.