不同手机功能对高职学生压力和手机成瘾的影响

Effect of function of mobile phone use on the self-perceived stress and mobile phone addiction of high vocational students

目的探讨不同手机功能的使用对高职学生感知到的压力和手机成瘾倾向的影响,为指导高职生科学使用手机提供参考。方法使用方便抽样法在武汉、聊城2所高职院校抽取911名学生,使用智能手机使用问卷(SU)、大学生手机成瘾倾向量表(MPATS)、简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)和抑郁-焦虑-压力量表简版中的压力分量表(DASS-S)进行施测。结果高职学生最常使用的手机功能是社交网站[(4.77±1.06)分],女生在手机社交功能上的得分高于男生(t=2.05,P=0.04),男生在MPATS和DASS-S、消极应对方式分量表上的得分高于女生(P值均<0.01)。手机的社交功能与积极应对方式呈正相关(r=0.17,P<0.01),手机的游戏功能与消极应对方式、压力和手机成瘾呈正相关(P值均<0.01)。消极应对方式能够正向预测压力和手机成瘾(β值分别为0.53,0.50,P值均<0.01),消极应对方式和压力在非社交功能与手机成瘾中的链式中介效应有统计学意义(95%CI=0.06~0.24,P<0.01)。结论经常使用手机非社交功能的高职生感知到的压力更大。手机的游戏功能对高职学生身心健康有不利影响,消极应对方式是压力和手机成瘾的一个强有力的预测变量。

Objective To explore the impact of function of mobile phone use on self-perceived stress and mobile phone addiction of high vocational students, and the mediating role of coping styles between different mobile phone functions and mobile phone addiction. Methods A total of 911 participants in two vocational colleges in Wuhan and Liaocheng were investigated by using convenient sampling method. Smartphone Usage, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, and Stress subscale of DepressionAnxiety-Stress Scale( short version) were administered to participants. Results Female students scored significantly higher on mobile phone social features( 4.77±1.06) than males( t = 2.05,P = 0.04), while males scored significantly higher on MPATS and DASS-S, Negative Coping Style subscales than females( P< 0.01). The social function of the mobile phone was positively related to the positive coping styles( r = 0.17, P<0.01). The game features of mobile phone were positively related to negative coping styles, stress and mobile addiction( P<0.01). Negative coping style could positively predict stress and mobile phone addiction( β = 0.53, 0.50, P<0.01). Negative coping styles and stress had significant chain mediation effects in non-social functions and mobile phone addiction( 95%CI = 0.06-0.24, P< 0.01). Conclusion Students of vocational college who often use cellphone not for social purpose have higher self-perceived stress. The game function of mobile phones had an adverse effect on the physical and mental health of vocational students. Negative coping style is a powerful predictor of stress and mobile phone addiction.