基层治理中的责任状:“督责令”还是“免责单”?

How does a"Statement of Responsibility"Turn into a"Disclaimer"?

责任状是目标管理责任制的载体,其初衷是明确各级政府责任,引导基层政府主动担当,促进治理绩效提升。责任状既是国家治理清晰化的需要,也契合了理性官僚制的基本原则,同时能将行政网络紧密地联系起来。责任状的实施有着明确的法律依据、制度保障和财政保障,官员的晋升冲动则构成其落实责任状的内在动力。责任状可被分为“实功型”“表演型”和“甩锅型”三种类型。责任状在实践中演变为免责单,主要是由职责同构的政府间关系、基层治理中的权责错位、地方政府及其官员的避责策略等多重因素共同造成的。

As a formal document,the statement of responsibility is the carrier of target-oriented management system,which helps to clarify the responsibilities of all levels of government,guide primary-level governments to take the initiative and promote governance performance.The rise of statement of responsibility in primary-level governance owes to theoretical principles and practical basis.The implementation of the statement of responsibility has clear legal basis,system guarantee and financial guarantee,and the promotion desire of civil servants constitutes the internal motive force.The implementation of the statement of responsibility can be divided into three types:effective,formalistic and scapegoated.In practice,the turn of statement of responsibility into disclaimer is attributed to multiple factors,such as the"isomorphic responsibility"government system,the dislocation of powers and responsibilities in primary-level governance,and the evasion strategies of local governments.