黄河下游右岸堤防典型段溃决过程研究

Study on the Typical Right Embankment Erosion Process of the Lower Yellow River

结合历史溃口、河防工程、河势影响和社会经济生态影响等情况,选择高村和胡家岸作为黄河下游堤防右岸典型段溃口位置,建立平面二维溃堤模型,对溃口溃决过程进行模拟,分别采用高村和艾山水文站1982年型近1000 a一遇洪水过程作为进口流量,对典型河段溃堤过程中洪水演进、溃口冲深和展宽、横断面发展等进行分析,重点研究了溃口口门发展过程及分洪流量过程。计算结果表明:高村、胡家岸溃口最终宽度分别为900、720 m,分流比分布分别经过2、3 d之后达到稳定,为80%和75%。

Based on the situation of historical breach,river control project,river regime situation and socio⁃economic ecological impact,Gao⁃cun and Hujia section banks were selected as the locations of typical dyke breaches in the lower Yellow River.A 2⁃D mathematical model was established to simulate the breach extension process,the thousand year frequency flood of 1982 in Gaocun and Aishan hydrology stations were respectively adopted as the inlet discharge,the flood evolution,the depth and width of the breach and the cross section development in the course of dyke breaking were analyzed.The development process of the breach and the flood diversion discharge were studied.The calculated results show that the final width of Gaocun and Hujia bank breach is 900 m and 720 m respectively.The breach diversion ratio is 80%and 75%respectively after 2 and 3 days.The research results provide technical support for the analysis of breach discharge of flood risk map in the flood protection area of the Lower Yellow River.