渭河基流保障生态补偿及调度方案层次化分析

Hierarchical Analysis of Ecological Compensation and Dispatching Scheme Guaranteed by the Base Flow of the Weihe River

随着生态文明建设的推进和陕西省渭河全线综合整治工程的实施,渭河生态流量保障成为渭河生态系统修复面临的迫切需求。针对渭河干流宝鸡峡至魏家堡河段生态流量保证率低的问题,基于层次化需水理论方法和利益相关方解析,研究适用于该河段水利工程特点和生态环境状况的河道基流生态补偿和调度方案。通过研究,提出了渭河流域农业、工业、生活、生态等不同类型用水的优先等级,综合确定了层次化的生态环境需水和经济社会需水保障次序;在此基础上,基于不同情景下利益相关方损益分析,按照基于最小生态流量的水生态保障义务、基于低限生态流量的水生态补偿过渡、基于适宜生态流量的水生态补偿责任3个层次,提出了渭河宝鸡段水生态补偿机制,并提出了不同情景下的生态流量调度方案和具体补偿措施。

How to guarantee the ecological flow is an urgent issue in the restoration of river ecosystem in the context of ecological civilization construction and comprehensive regulation project of the Weihe River in Shaanxi Province.The paper carried out ecological compensation and dispatching schemes for the river reach from Baojixia to Weijiapu based on the theory of hierarchical water demand and stakeholders analysis to promote ecological flow guarantee rate.Firstly,the overall sequence of hierarchical socio⁃economic and eco⁃environmental water use was brought forward based on the priority of agriculture,industry,domestic and ecological water use.Then,water ecological compensation mech⁃anism was carried out according to the cost and benefit analysis of stakeholders,including ecological obligation for the minimum ecological flow,transitional ecological compensation for the low limit of ecological flow,and comprehensive ecological compensation for appropriate eco⁃logical flow.The corresponding ecological compensation and dispatching schemes were also put forward.