外科临床营养20年进展回顾与展望

Prospect of clinical nutrition in surgery in the past 20 years

近20年来,临床营养朝着循证、规范的方向不断推进。(1)营养风险概念的提出以及营养风险筛查工具的推广,促使临床营养朝着科学合理应用的道路前行。(2)各种指南或共识的制定及发布,对于规范应用临床营养奠定了坚实的基础。(3)伴随加速康复外科(ERAS)的广泛应用,临床营养得到更加广泛和深入的发展。(4)"特殊医学用途配方食品"的引入,解决了历史遗留问题,为临床营养的持续发展奠定了基础。(5)《肠外肠内营养学名词》的发布,有利于规范专业术语,统一认识。然而,必须正视临床营养还存在许多问题悬而未决,身处精准医学时代,也许精准营养将是解决之道,期待广大临床营养工作者一起攻关克难,让精准营养早日得以实现。

Over the past 20 years,clinical nutrition has been advanced in the direction of evidence-based and standardized.First of all,the concept of nutritional risk and the promotion of nutritional risk screening tools promote the clinical nutrition to the road of scientific and reasonable application;secondly,the formulation and release of various guidelines or consensus have laid a solid foundation for the standardized application of clinical nutrition;furthermore,with the acceleration of the wide application of enhanced recovery after surgery,clinical nutrition has been more extensive and in-depth development;Moreover,the introduction of"food for special medical purposes"solved the historical problems and laid a foundation for the sustainable development of clinical nutrition.Finally,the release of"parenteral and enteral nutrition terms"is conducive to the standardization of professional terms and unified understanding.However,we must face up many problems of clinical nutrition that are still unresolved.In the era of precision medicine,perhaps precision nutrition will be the solution.We hope that the majority of clinical nutrition workers will work together to overcome difficulties and make precision nutrition blossom and bear fruit as soon as possible.