著作权转换性使用的本土路径重塑

Reconstruction of the Native Path of Copyright Transformative Use

著作权转换性使用作为判定新型合理使用行为的一个重要因素,有着重要的理论价值和实践意义。然而,在我国转换性使用的司法实践中,却存在着对转换性使用体系认知不足、释法路径不当,以及运作体系不畅的现实困境。从本质上而言,转换性使用蕴含着促进公共利益的直接价值取向,但其并不具有独立判定合理使用成立与否的规则效力。基于此,为了更好地发挥转换性使用的内在价值和功能,一方面需要确立开放式合理使用的一般规则,进一步规范转换性使用的司法判定,以增强合理使用分析的灵活性和可操作性;另一方面,需要明确转换性合理使用的法定情形,以提升合理使用分析的确定性和周延性。

As an important factor in judging the new fair use behavior,the transformative use of copyright has important theoretical and practical significance.However,in the judicial practice of transformative use in China,there is a real dilemma of insufficient understanding of the system of transformative use,improper path to interpret the law,and imperfect operation system.In essence,the transformative use implies a direct value orientation that promotes public interests,but it does not have the rule effect that independently determine whether fair use is true or not.Therefore,in order to develop the intrinsic value and function of the transformative use,on the one hand,it is necessary to establish the general rules of the opening-up fair use and further regulate the judicial application of the transformative fair use to enhance the flexibility and operability of the fair use analysis;on the other hand,it is also necessary to add legal situations of the transformative fair use so as to improve the certainty and exhaustiveness of the fair use analysis.