时间使用流行病学在身体活动研究领域的应用

Application of Time-use Epidemiology in the Research Field of Physical Activity

身体活动与健康促进是公共卫生及运动科学领域研究的重点方向之一。个体一日24 h由睡眠、久坐及各种强度的身体活动组成,已有研究多从单一维度探讨这些行为对健康的影响,忽视了身体活动、久坐、睡眠等行为之间的内在联系及对健康结果的综合影响,可能使相应行为与健康效应间的关联产生偏差。时间使用流行病学研究方法的引入克服了这一不足。以“时间分配”作为切入点,综述国际学术界关于身体活动、久坐和睡眠行为对健康影响的研究现状,并系统阐述了等时替代研究方法、活动-平衡模型、时间使用流行病学的发展及其研究框架。基于此,展望了时间使用流行病学相关理论在身体活动研究领域的应用前景:1、开发新式测量工具并完善数据收集和分析方法;2、建立有关时间使用模式的综合评价体系;3、制订我国大众人群的活动-平衡时间分配推荐指南方案。

Physical activity(PA)and health promotion is one of the key directions in the research field of public health and sports science.The 24 hours of an individual’s day consist of sleep,sedentary and various PA.Previous studies usually investigate the impact of these behaviors on health from a single dimension,but ignoring the inherent connections between PA,sedentary and sleep,and the comprehensive impact on health outcomes,which may lead to deviations between these behaviors and health effects.While the time-use epidemiological research methods overcome this shortcoming.Taking“Time Allocation”as the key point,this article reviews the current researches on the impact of PA,sedentary and sleep behaviors on health in the international academic community,and systematically expounds the research methods of Isotemporal Substitution Model,Activity-Balance Model,and the development of Time-Use Epidemiology and its research framework.The application of time-use epidemiology-related theories in the research field of PA can be carried out in these three aspects:1、developing the advanced measuring tools and improving data collection and analysis methods;2、establishing the comprehensive evaluation system on time-use patterns;3、formulating activitybalance time allocation recommendation guidelines for Chinese.